Atividade biológica e enzimática em solo tratado com cloreto e sulfato de bário
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Data
2013-08-06
Autores
Guedes, Ana Carolina Trisltz Perassolo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Atualmente, diversas atividades antrópicas têm aumentado a carga de elementos tóxicos no ambiente, especialmente no solo. Dentre esses elementos, estão os metais pesados, tendo sido o bário (Ba) recentemente incluído na lista dos elementos que apresentam risco à saúde humana, o que o leva a ser foco de diversas pesquisas, já que as informações sobre seus efeitos tóxicos no solo e nas plantas ainda são muito limitadas. Assim, objetiva-se com o presente trabalho avaliar os efeitos de sais de Ba (BaSO4 e BaCl2), na atividade enzimática e biológica. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação e foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa foram testadas doses de 2 fontes de Ba (BaSO4 e BaCl2) em delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com 7 tratamentos [2 fontes de Ba em 3 doses (150, 300 e 600 mg kg-1), mais 1 testemunha] e 4 repetições. A segunda etapa teve início com o término da primeira, nesta etapa foi avaliada a liberação de Ba para o solo devido a biodegradação das plantas, e para isso foram testados 6 tratamentos, sendo 2 tipos de solos (solo que não recebeu Ba e solo que recebeu 300 mg kg-1 de Ba na forma de BaCl2) e 3 tipos de adição de material e 4 repetições em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Na primeira etapa foram coletadas amostras de solo aos 56 dias. Na segunda etapa, amostragens de solo foram realizadas aos 15, 30 e 90 dias após sua instalação, as quais foram submetidas ás análises de atividade biológica e enzimática. O efeito da adição do bário mostrou que, em resposta ao estresse, os microrganismos do solo podem aumentar a atividade metabólica, o que ocasionou aumento na atividade de algumas enzimas, sem o correspondente aumento na biomassa. As enzimas que assim se comportam também podem ser boas indicadoras da presença do fator causador do estresse
Currently, various anthropogenic activities have increased the burden of toxic elements in the environment, especially in soil. Among these elements are heavy metals, having barium (Ba) recently included in the list of elements that pose a risk to human health, which leads him to be the focus of many studies, since the information about their toxic effects on soil and plants are still quite limited. Thus, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of salts of Ba (and BaCl2 BaSO4), the enzymatic and biological activity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and was divided into two stages. In the first stage were tested doses of 2 sources of Ba (BaSO4 and BaCl2) in randomized complete block design with seven treatments [2 Ba sources in 3 doses (150, 300 and 600 mg kg-1) plus one witness] and 4 replicates. The second stage began with the end of the first, at this stage we evaluated the release of Ba to the ground due to biodegradation of plants, and 6 treatments that were tested, with two types of soils (soil that received no Ba and soil received 300 mg kg-1 Ba as BaCl2) and 3 types of material addition and 4 replications in a completely randomized design. In the first stage soil samples were collected after 56 days. In the second stage, soil samples were taken 15, 30 and 90 days after installation, which were submitted to analyses of biological and enzymatic activity. The effect of adding the barium showed that in response to stress, organisms of the soil may increase metabolic activity, which caused an increase in the activity of some enzymes without a corresponding increase in the biomass. The enzymes that behave well can also be good indicators of the presence of the causative factor of stress
Currently, various anthropogenic activities have increased the burden of toxic elements in the environment, especially in soil. Among these elements are heavy metals, having barium (Ba) recently included in the list of elements that pose a risk to human health, which leads him to be the focus of many studies, since the information about their toxic effects on soil and plants are still quite limited. Thus, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the effects of salts of Ba (and BaCl2 BaSO4), the enzymatic and biological activity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and was divided into two stages. In the first stage were tested doses of 2 sources of Ba (BaSO4 and BaCl2) in randomized complete block design with seven treatments [2 Ba sources in 3 doses (150, 300 and 600 mg kg-1) plus one witness] and 4 replicates. The second stage began with the end of the first, at this stage we evaluated the release of Ba to the ground due to biodegradation of plants, and 6 treatments that were tested, with two types of soils (soil that received no Ba and soil received 300 mg kg-1 Ba as BaCl2) and 3 types of material addition and 4 replications in a completely randomized design. In the first stage soil samples were collected after 56 days. In the second stage, soil samples were taken 15, 30 and 90 days after installation, which were submitted to analyses of biological and enzymatic activity. The effect of adding the barium showed that in response to stress, organisms of the soil may increase metabolic activity, which caused an increase in the activity of some enzymes without a corresponding increase in the biomass. The enzymes that behave well can also be good indicators of the presence of the causative factor of stress
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Solos - Qualidade, Solos - Contaminação, Metais pesados, Solos - Teor de metal pesado, Bario, Heavy metals
Como citar
GUEDES, Ana Carolina Trisltz Perassolo. Atividade biológica e enzimática em solo tratado com cloreto e sulfato de bário. 2013. vi, 66 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.