Prevalência e fatores de risco para transtorno mental comum na população urbana da região metropolitana de Sâo Paulo
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Data
2010-08-30
Autores
Moraes Júnior, Edson Capone de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estima-se que um quarto da população urbana seja portador de algum transtorno mental, com consequências individuais e sociais importantes. A presença de sintomas ansiosos, depressivos e psicossomáticos indica sofrimento subjetivo significativo e agravo no funcionamento psicossocial, denominado Transtorno Mental Comum (TMC). Elevadas prevalências de TMC têm sido observadas nos raros estudos nacionais desenvolvidos com base populacional, oscilando entre 17% e 35%, assim como a associação frequente com sexo feminino, pobreza e baixa escolaridade. Estimar a prevalência de Transtorno Mental Comum (TMC) e investigar os fatores de risco associados em adultos residentes na região metropolitana de São Paulo. O presente trabalho utilizou os dados de um estudo transversal, com amostragem probabilística por conglomerados, representativa da população urbana da região metropolitana de São Paulo. Presença de TMC foi considerada a variável independente e foi avaliada a partir do Self Reporting Questionnaire. Como possíveis variáveis explicativas foram analisados aspectos sócio-demográficos, ocupação, rede social e saúde. A prevalência de transtorno mental comum encontrada na amostra foi de 22,4% (IC 95%: 19,3%;25,6%), sendo maior entre as mulheres (p<0,0001). Baixa escolaridade e auto-avaliação negativa da saúde mantiveram-se associadas a TMC após controle para variáveis confundidoras, em ambos os sexos. Nos homens, a condição de viúvo também se manteve associado a TMC. Aproximadamente um quarto da amostra apresentou TMC, prevalência que pode ser inferida para a população residente na região metropolitana de São Paulo, e para outras regiões metropolitanas brasileiras semelhantes. A identificação de fatores de risco associados a TMC, como baixa escolaridade, sexo feminino, viuvez nos homens e auto-avaliação negativa da saúde, possibilita identificar grupos...
It is estimated that a quarter of the urban population has some mental disorder, with important personal e social harm. The presence of anxious, depressive and psychosomatic symptoms indicates relevant subjective suffering and impairment in psychosocial functioning which is denominated Common Mental Disorder (CMD). High prevalence of CMD have been observed in some national surveys, ranging from 17% to 35% associated with female gender, poverty and low education. To estimate the prevalence of CMD and to investigate associated risk factors in adults living in Sao Paulo metropolitan area. This study used data from a cross-sectional study, with a representative urban sample of adults, stratified by clusters in the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo city. The presence of CMD was considered the independent variable and was assessed through the Self Reporting Questionnaire. Possible explanatory variables were analyzed socio-demographic aspects, occupation, support networks and self-evaluation health. The prevalence of CMD found in the sample was 22.4% (CI 95%: 19.3%;25.6%), significantly higher among women (p<0,0001). Low education and negative self-evaluation of health remained associated with CMD after controlling for confounders in both sexes. Among men, the marital status “widower” also remained associated with CMD. About one fourth of the sample had a CMD. This prevalence estimate can be inferred for the population from the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo and for other similar metropolitan regions in Brazil. The identification of risk factors associated with CMD, such as low education, female gender, widowhood in men and negative self-evaluation of health, indicates more vulnerable groups, for which public policies can be proposed
It is estimated that a quarter of the urban population has some mental disorder, with important personal e social harm. The presence of anxious, depressive and psychosomatic symptoms indicates relevant subjective suffering and impairment in psychosocial functioning which is denominated Common Mental Disorder (CMD). High prevalence of CMD have been observed in some national surveys, ranging from 17% to 35% associated with female gender, poverty and low education. To estimate the prevalence of CMD and to investigate associated risk factors in adults living in Sao Paulo metropolitan area. This study used data from a cross-sectional study, with a representative urban sample of adults, stratified by clusters in the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo city. The presence of CMD was considered the independent variable and was assessed through the Self Reporting Questionnaire. Possible explanatory variables were analyzed socio-demographic aspects, occupation, support networks and self-evaluation health. The prevalence of CMD found in the sample was 22.4% (CI 95%: 19.3%;25.6%), significantly higher among women (p<0,0001). Low education and negative self-evaluation of health remained associated with CMD after controlling for confounders in both sexes. Among men, the marital status “widower” also remained associated with CMD. About one fourth of the sample had a CMD. This prevalence estimate can be inferred for the population from the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo and for other similar metropolitan regions in Brazil. The identification of risk factors associated with CMD, such as low education, female gender, widowhood in men and negative self-evaluation of health, indicates more vulnerable groups, for which public policies can be proposed
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Saúde pública, Doentes mentais, Fatores de risco, São Paulo (SP), Epidemiology, Common mental disorders
Como citar
MORAES JÚNIOR, Edson Capone de. Prevalência e fatores de risco para transtorno mental comum na população urbana da região metropolitana de Sâo Paulo. 2010. 141 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2010.