Manejo hídrico sobre o desenvolvimento e a qualidade de mudas florestais nativas em ambientes protegidos
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Data
2013-07-02
Autores
Silva, Richardson Barbosa Gomes da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Consequência de um longo histórico de degradação, a cobertura florestal original do Bioma Mata Atlântica foi reduzida, majoritariamente, a pequenos e isolados fragmentos. Nesses casos, o plantio de mudas de espécies arbóreas nativas é uma das opções para acelerar a reabilitação desses ambientes. A produção de mudas de qualidade, ou seja, aquelas que sobreviverão e atingirão um nível desejado de crescimento após o plantio, depende, dentre outros fatores, da quantidade de água aplicada e da forma como ela é distribuída ao longo do dia. Este estudo foi dividido em quatro experimentos e teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de três lâminas brutas diárias de água (8, 11 e 14 mm) aplicadas parceladamente em duas frequências de irrigação (duas e quatro vezes ao dia) sobre a qualidade das mudas das espécies arbóreas nativas Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J. F. Macbr. (Pau-jacaré), Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. (Guanandi) e Aspidosperma polyneuron Müll. Arg. (Peroba-rosa), bem como a eficiência desses manejos hídricos e o desenvolvimento pós-plantio em vaso. A qualidade das mudas foi avaliada 120 dias após o início dos tratamentos por meio dos parâmetros morfológicos altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do colo, massa seca aérea, radicular e total, índice de qualidade de Dickson e qualidade do sistema radicular. A eficiência do manejo hídrico foi avaliada 120 dias após o início dos tratamentos, medindo-se os volumes de água aplicados no substrato e escoados pelo fundo do tubete após cada irrigação do dia. O desenvolvimento pós-plantio em vaso foi avaliado em intervalos de 30 dias, durante 120 dias, através dos parâmetros morfológicos altura da parte aérea e diâmetro do colo, além da massa seca aérea e radicular somente aos 120 dias. O delineamento estatístico adotado foi inteiramente casualizado...
The Brazilian Atlantic forest tree cover has been reduced to small and isolated fragments due to a long history of degradation. Tree seedling plantings are a potential option to accelerate environmental restoration. The quality of the seedlings produced (i.e., those that survive and reach a desired level of growth after planting) depends upon, among other factors, the amount of water applied and how the water is distributed throughout the day. This study was divided into four experiments and evaluated the effect of three water levels (8, 11 and 14 mm) applied daily and divided into two irrigation frequencies (two and four times a day) on the quality of Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J. F. Macbr. (“Pau-jacaré”), Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. (“Guanandi”) e Aspidosperma polyneuron Müll. Arg. (“Peroba-rosa”) seedlings, as well as the efficiency of these methods of water management and development after planting in pot. To assess seedling quality, the following parameters of the seedlings were measured 120 days after the start of the treatment: height, stem diameter, shoot, root and total dry weight, the Dickson quality index and root system quality. The efficiency of each water management treatment was assessed at 120 days after the start of the treatment measuring the amount of water applied to the substrate and drained from the plastic tube after each irrigation day. The development after planting in pot was assessed at intervals of 30 days for 120 days through parameters height and stem diameter beyond the shoot and root dry weight only at 120 days. The study was completely randomized in a 3x2 factorial design. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and where significant differences existed, a Tukey test was performed (p < 0.05). In three species: increases in water management efficiency do not necessarily... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The Brazilian Atlantic forest tree cover has been reduced to small and isolated fragments due to a long history of degradation. Tree seedling plantings are a potential option to accelerate environmental restoration. The quality of the seedlings produced (i.e., those that survive and reach a desired level of growth after planting) depends upon, among other factors, the amount of water applied and how the water is distributed throughout the day. This study was divided into four experiments and evaluated the effect of three water levels (8, 11 and 14 mm) applied daily and divided into two irrigation frequencies (two and four times a day) on the quality of Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J. F. Macbr. (“Pau-jacaré”), Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. (“Guanandi”) e Aspidosperma polyneuron Müll. Arg. (“Peroba-rosa”) seedlings, as well as the efficiency of these methods of water management and development after planting in pot. To assess seedling quality, the following parameters of the seedlings were measured 120 days after the start of the treatment: height, stem diameter, shoot, root and total dry weight, the Dickson quality index and root system quality. The efficiency of each water management treatment was assessed at 120 days after the start of the treatment measuring the amount of water applied to the substrate and drained from the plastic tube after each irrigation day. The development after planting in pot was assessed at intervals of 30 days for 120 days through parameters height and stem diameter beyond the shoot and root dry weight only at 120 days. The study was completely randomized in a 3x2 factorial design. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, and where significant differences existed, a Tukey test was performed (p < 0.05). In three species: increases in water management efficiency do not necessarily... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Viveiros de mudas, Viveiros florestais, Agua - Distribuição, Mudas - Qualidade, Agua de irrigação, Arvores - Mudas, Nursey stock
Como citar
SILVA, Richardson Barbosa Gomes da. Manejo hídrico sobre o desenvolvimento e a qualidade de mudas florestais nativas em ambientes protegidos. 2013. v, 119 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.