High prevalence of olfactory impairment among leprosy patients: A cross-sectional study

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dc.contributor.authorKondo, Rogério Nabor
dc.contributor.authorde Araújo, Milene Cripa Pizatto
dc.contributor.authorRamos, Paulo Muller [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorMiot, Hélio Amante [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorFornazieri, Marco Aurélio
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
dc.contributor.institutionPontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Pennsylvania
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-29T13:49:45Z
dc.date.available2023-07-29T13:49:45Z
dc.date.issued2023-04-01
dc.description.abstractBackground The effect of leprosy on the sense of smell is not yet fully established. Studies that have relied only on patients’ perceptions may have under-or over-estimated the change in smell perception. A validated and psychophysical method is necessary to avoid these errors in assessment. Objectives This study aimed to validate the existence of olfactory involvement in leprosy patients. Methods A cross-sectional, controlled study was conducted, in which individuals with leprosy (exposed individuals) and individuals without leprosy (control patients) were recruited. For each exposed individual, we selected two control patients. A total of 108 patients (72 control patients and 36 exposed individuals) with no history of infection with the new coronavirus (COVID-19) took the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). Results Most exposed individuals had olfactory dysfunction [n = 33, 91.7% (CI 95%: 77.5%–98.3%)] when compared with the control patients [n = 28, 38.9% (CI 95%: 27.6%-51.1%)], but only two (5.6%) had olfactory complaints. The olfactory function was significantly worse among exposed individuals [UPSIT leprosy = 25.2 (CI 95%: 23.1–27.3) when compared with the UPSIT control patients = 34.1 (CI 95%: 33.0–35.3); p<0.001]. The risk of olfactory loss was higher among the exposed individuals [OR: 19.5 (CI 95%: 5.18–105.70; p < 0.001)]. Conclusions Olfactory dysfunction was highly prevalent among exposed individuals, although they had little or no self-knowledge of the disorder. The results show that it is important to assess the sense of smell in exposed individuals.en
dc.description.affiliationClinical Medicine Department Dermatology Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná
dc.description.affiliationDermatology Department of São Paulo State University, São Paulo
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Clinical Surgery Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Medicine Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Paraná
dc.description.affiliationDepartment of Otorhinolaryngolgy Universidade de São Paulo
dc.description.affiliationSmell and Test Center Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania
dc.description.affiliationUnespDermatology Department of São Paulo State University, São Paulo
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010888
dc.identifier.citationPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 17, n. 4, 2023.
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pntd.0010888
dc.identifier.issn1935-2735
dc.identifier.issn1935-2727
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85151806248
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/248646
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
dc.sourceScopus
dc.titleHigh prevalence of olfactory impairment among leprosy patients: A cross-sectional studyen
dc.typeArtigo

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