Characterization of a novel freshwater gigartinalean red alga from Belize, with a description of Sterrocladia belizeana sp nov (Rhodophyta)

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dc.contributor.authorSherwood, Alison R.
dc.contributor.authorNecchi, Orlando [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorCarlile, Amy L.
dc.contributor.authorLaughinghouse, H. Dail
dc.contributor.authorFredericq, Suzanne
dc.contributor.authorSheath, Robert G.
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Hawaii
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Maryland
dc.contributor.institutionUniv Louisiana Lafayette
dc.contributor.institutionCalif State Univ San Marcos
dc.date.accessioned2014-05-20T14:03:46Z
dc.date.available2014-05-20T14:03:46Z
dc.date.issued2012-11-01
dc.description.abstractFreshwater representatives of the red algal order Gigartinales are extremely rare, with the monotypic genus Sterrocladia being the only truly freshwater example. This alga was described in 1850 from material originating from French Guiana, and although its affinities at the ordinal and familial levels have been debated based on morphological and anatomical characteristics, its placement has not been confirmed with the assistance of molecular analyses. Here we report several collections of a freshwater red alga from Belize that share many of the characteristics of the single described species, Sterrocladia amnica, but also display some important differences. Based on microscopic analysis, our collections were distinguished from S. amnica based on thickness of the cortical layer, cell size, possession of a loose versus entire medulla and absence of reproductive nemathecia. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed a pit plug anatomy consistent with placement of the new collections in the order Gigartinales, and a new method for resin infiltration into thick cortical tissue was described. Although recent material of S. amnica was unavailable, molecular phylogenetic analyses of the rbcL and SSU rRNA gene for our new samples indicated that it was indeed a member of the Gigartinales, and that it was positioned basal to the Gigartinaceae and Phyllophoraceae clades, likely representing a novel family. The COI-5P barcode sequence showed no close matches, but the vast majority of the closest hits were to representatives of the Phyllophoraceae. Here we describe a second species within the genus Sterrocladia to accommodate our Belizean collections, Sterrocladia belizeana sp. nov., and discuss the phylogenetic affinities of this unique genus of freshwater gigartinalean red algae. We also propose a lectotype of Sterrocladia amnica based on examination of syntype materials.en
dc.description.affiliationUniv Hawaii, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA
dc.description.affiliationSão Paulo State Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, BR-22651505 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Maryland, Coll Comp Math & Nat Sci, MEES Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
dc.description.affiliationUniv Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA
dc.description.affiliationCalif State Univ San Marcos, Dept Biol Sci, San Marcos, CA 92096 USA
dc.description.affiliationUnespSão Paulo State Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, BR-22651505 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
dc.description.sponsorshipU.S. National Science Foundation
dc.description.sponsorshipNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.description.sponsorshipIdNSF: DEB-0841734
dc.description.sponsorshipIdNSERC: OGP 0183503
dc.description.sponsorshipIdCNPq: 303952/2009-1
dc.format.extent627-635
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.2216/12-012.1
dc.identifier.citationPhycologia. Lawrence: Int Phycological Soc, v. 51, n. 6, p. 627-635, 2012.
dc.identifier.doi10.2216/12-012.1
dc.identifier.issn0031-8884
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/22424
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000311262100005
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherInt Phycological Soc
dc.relation.ispartofPhycologia
dc.relation.ispartofjcr1.798
dc.relation.ispartofsjr0,678
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourceWeb of Science
dc.subjectBelizeen
dc.subjectFresh wateren
dc.subjectGigartinalesen
dc.subjectPhylogenyen
dc.subjectRhodophytaen
dc.subjectSterrocladia belizeanaen
dc.subjectTransmission electron microscopyen
dc.titleCharacterization of a novel freshwater gigartinalean red alga from Belize, with a description of Sterrocladia belizeana sp nov (Rhodophyta)en
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.licensehttp://www.phycologia.org/userimages/ContentEditor/1279036832764/Copyright_Release_Form_updated.pdf
dcterms.rightsHolderInt Phycological Soc
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas, São José do Rio Pretopt

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