Avaliação de Trichoderma harzianum e Bacillus subtilis em associação com pó de rocha no crescimento e desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de milho
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Data
2023-04-11
Autores
Silva, Pedro Henrique Vinha
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso de pó de rocha em conjunto com microrganismos promotores do crescimento de plantas pode ser uma excelente estratégia para reduzir as doses de fertilizantes químicos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento do milho com a aplicação de pó de rocha e da bactéria Bacillus subtilis e do fungo Trichoderma harzianum isoladamente, em misturas e com 50 e 100% da dose recomendada de fertilizante para a cultura em condições controladas. Foi avaliado o desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas de milho aos 40 dias após a germinação, por meio dos parâmetros de diâmetro de colmo, índice de área foliar, e a matéria seca de parte aérea e raiz. A análise química da biomassa vegetal da parte aérea também foi realizada, e os nutrientes N, P, K, Ca e Mg foram quantificados. Os resultados mostram que os parâmetros analisados, como altura da planta, índice de área foliar, matéria seca da parte aérea e das raízes, aumentaram com a aplicação de pó de rocha e inoculação de microrganismos de forma isolada, em comparação com seus respectivos tratamentos de controle. Notou-se, a partir das análises químicas, que os tratamentos com 50% da adubação convencional + pó de rocha junto com a aplicação dos microrganismos de forma isolada, teve teores de N, K, Ca e Mg semelhantes ao da testemunha com 100% da adubação convencional. Os resultados também mostram que a inoculação com dois microrganismos, B. subtilis e T. harzianum, na forma de mistura não promoveu aumento nos parâmetros analisados em comparação com a inoculação dos microrganismos de forma isolada. Pode-se concluir que os benefícios da aplicação de pó de rocha aumentaram quando aplicados à bactéria B. subtilis e ao fungo T. harzianum em plantas de milho. Portanto, esses resultados sugerem que a aplicação de pó de rocha com esses microrganismos pode ser usada para reduzir a necessidade de fertilizantes químicos no crescimento e desenvolvimento inicial de plantas de milho.
The use of rock dust in conjunction with plant growth promoting microorganisms can be an excellent strategy to reduce the doses of chemical fertilizers. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the growth and development of corn with the application of rock dust and the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and the fungus Trichoderma harzianum alone, in mixtures and with 50 and 100% of the recommended dose of fertilizer for the crop under controlled conditions. The vegetative development of corn plants was evaluated at 40 days after germination, through the parameters of stem diameter, leaf area index, and the dry matter of the aerial part and root. The chemical analysis of the aboveground plant biomass was also performed, and the nutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg were quantified. The results show that the parameters analyzed, such as plant height, leaf area index, and dry matter of the aerial part and roots, increased with the application of rock dust and microorganism inoculation alone, in comparison with their respective control treatments. It was noted from the chemical analyses that the treatments with 50% of conventional fertilization + rock powder together with the application of microorganisms alone, had similar N, K, Ca and Mg contents as the control with 100% conventional fertilization. The results also show that the inoculation with two microbes, B. subtilis and T. harzianum, in the form of a mixture did not promote an increase in the parameters analyzed in comparison with the inoculation of microorganisms alone. It can be concluded that the benefits of the application of rock dust increased when applied to corn plants with the bacteria B. subtilis and the fungus T. harzianum. Therefore, these results suggest that the application of rock dust with these microorganisms can be used to reduce the need for chemical fertilizers on the growth and early development of corn plants.
The use of rock dust in conjunction with plant growth promoting microorganisms can be an excellent strategy to reduce the doses of chemical fertilizers. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the growth and development of corn with the application of rock dust and the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and the fungus Trichoderma harzianum alone, in mixtures and with 50 and 100% of the recommended dose of fertilizer for the crop under controlled conditions. The vegetative development of corn plants was evaluated at 40 days after germination, through the parameters of stem diameter, leaf area index, and the dry matter of the aerial part and root. The chemical analysis of the aboveground plant biomass was also performed, and the nutrients N, P, K, Ca, and Mg were quantified. The results show that the parameters analyzed, such as plant height, leaf area index, and dry matter of the aerial part and roots, increased with the application of rock dust and microorganism inoculation alone, in comparison with their respective control treatments. It was noted from the chemical analyses that the treatments with 50% of conventional fertilization + rock powder together with the application of microorganisms alone, had similar N, K, Ca and Mg contents as the control with 100% conventional fertilization. The results also show that the inoculation with two microbes, B. subtilis and T. harzianum, in the form of a mixture did not promote an increase in the parameters analyzed in comparison with the inoculation of microorganisms alone. It can be concluded that the benefits of the application of rock dust increased when applied to corn plants with the bacteria B. subtilis and the fungus T. harzianum. Therefore, these results suggest that the application of rock dust with these microorganisms can be used to reduce the need for chemical fertilizers on the growth and early development of corn plants.
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Palavras-chave
Mineralização, Fertilizantes químicos., Solo microorganismo, Insumos agrícolas