The azo dye Disperse Red 13 and its oxidation and reduction products showed mutagenic potential

dc.contributor.authorChequer, Farah Maria Drumond
dc.contributor.authorLizier, Thiago Mescoloto [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorFelício, Rafael de
dc.contributor.authorZanoni, Maria Valnice Boldrin [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorDebonsi, Hosana Maria
dc.contributor.authorLopes, Norberto Peporine
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Danielle Palma de
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de Itaúna (UIT)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-07T15:33:49Z
dc.date.available2015-12-07T15:33:49Z
dc.date.issued2015
dc.description.abstractCommon water pollutants, azo dyes and their degradation products have frequently shown toxicity, including carcinogenic and mutagenic effects, and can induce serious damage in aquatic organisms and humans. In the present study, the mutagenic potential of the azo dye Disperse Red 13 (DR13) was first evaluated using the Micronucleus Assay in human lymphocytes. Subsequently, in order to mimic hepatic biotransformation, controlled potential electrolysis was carried out with a DR13 solution using a Potentiostat/Galvanostat. In addition, a DR13 solution was oxidized using S9 (homogenate of rat liver cells). DR13 oxidation and the reduction products were identified using HPLC-DAD and GC/MS, and their mutagenic potential investigated by way of a Salmonella/microsome assay using TA98 and YG1041 strains, with no S9. The original azo dye DR13 induced chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes, and the respective oxidation and reduction products also showed mutagenic activity, as detected by the Salmonella/microsome assay. Furthermore sulfate 2-[(4-aminophenyl)ethylamino]-ethanol monohydrate, 2-chloro-4-nitro-benzamine, 4-nitro-benzamine and 2-(ethylphenylamine)-ethanol were identified as products of the DR13 reduction/oxidation reactions. Thus it was concluded that the contamination of water effluents with DR13 is a health risk not only due to the dye itself, but also due to the possibility of drinking contaminated water, considering the harmful compounds that can be produced after hepatic biotransformation.en
dc.description.affiliationUniversidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto
dc.description.affiliationUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia
dc.description.affiliationUniversidade de Itaúna, Faculdade de Farmácia
dc.description.affiliationUniversidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto
dc.description.affiliationUnespUniversidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Química de Araraquara
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenadação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.description.sponsorshipIdFAPESP: 2006/02505-9
dc.description.sponsorshipIdFAPESP: 2008/0449-7
dc.description.sponsorshipIdFAPESP: 2010/17178-9
dc.format.extent1906-1915
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2015.08.001
dc.identifier.citationToxicology In Vitro : An International Journal Published In Association With Bibra, v. 29, n. 7, p. 1906-1915, 2015.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.tiv.2015.08.001
dc.identifier.issn1879-3177
dc.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2296-1393
dc.identifier.pubmed26247324
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/131319
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherElsevier B. V.
dc.relation.ispartofToxicology In Vitro : An International Journal Published In Association With Bibra
dc.rights.accessRightsAcesso restrito
dc.sourcePubMed
dc.subjectAmes testen
dc.subjectAzo dyeen
dc.subjectBiotransformationen
dc.subjectMicronucleus assayen
dc.subjectMutagenicityen
dc.titleThe azo dye Disperse Red 13 and its oxidation and reduction products showed mutagenic potentialen
dc.typeArtigo
dcterms.rightsHolderElsevier B. V.
unesp.author.orcid0000-0002-2296-1393[4]
unesp.campusUniversidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Instituto de Química, Araraquarapt

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