Araraquara - FCLAR - Faculdade de Ciências e Letras

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https://hdl.handle.net/11449/254588

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Análise de livros didáticos de português para estrangeiros no contexto de ensino de língua de acolhimento
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2022-02-11) Ferreira, Thainá Cristina da Silva ; Rocha, Nildiceia Aparecida
Nas últimas décadas, o termo Língua de Acolhimento começa a ser utilizado para se referir ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem de uma língua voltado a pessoas em imersão em um novo país em decorrência de uma situação de deslocamento forçado. Instaura-se como uma nova vertente visto que muitos fatores particulares do contexto de imigração, interferem ativa e diretamente na aquisição da língua-alvo (OLIVEIRA, 2010). Portanto, a organização do curso, a seleção ou a elaboração de materiais didáticos e também o preparo das aulas e das atividades propostas devem visar resultados práticos que ofereçam ferramentas para que os aprendizes interajam e se tornem cidadãos ativos na sociedade de acolhimento, de modo que consigam deixar sua condição de vulnerabilidade social (SENE, 2017). Com a participação no Projeto Português Língua de Acolhimento para Venezuelanos(as) em Araraquara/SP, ministrando aulas desde seu início em novembro de 2018, percebemos a escassez de materiais didáticos próprios para o ensino de Português Língua de Acolhimento (PLAc), bem como certa dificuldade no uso de alguns materiais didáticos de Português Língua Estrangeira (PLE) nestas circunstâncias. Assim, nos propomos a analisar dois livros didáticos de PLE, juntamente com um terceiro voltado especificamente para o ensino de PLAc (para estabelecer parâmetros e contrapontos), a fim de investigar em que medida materiais de PLE (não desenvolvidos para PLAc) se aproximam ou se afastam das necessidades e objetivos das aulas de PLAc. Partimos do pressuposto, verificado em sala de aula, que os materiais de PLE utilizados para PLAc exigem maior adequação por parte do professor, visto que não são pensados para atender às necessidades e demais questões motivacionais específicas dos alunos e às pressões socioeconômicas singulares deste contexto de ensino-aprendizagem. Deste modo, analisamos a seleção e a organização dos temas das unidades, textos selecionados e atividades propostas e a apresentação e discussão a respeito de aspectos culturais, para verificar a pertinência do uso desses materiais para PLAc e estabelecer parâmetros norteadores que auxiliem professores na escolha ou preparo de materiais para suas aulas. Com base nos estudos teóricos em PLAc, com dados coletados por meio de um questionário e com a experiência no ensino de PLAc, estabelecemos parâmetros para verificar a aproximação ou o distanciamento das propostas dos três livros didáticos em relação às necessidades e aos objetivos da língua de acolhimento. Foi possível constatar que a maior aproximação ocorre quando há a presença de aspectos coincidentes ou que tangenciam temas de interesse ou situações práticas próprias ou presentes no cotidiano do contexto de migração e refúgio, de modo que os livros de PLE apresentam aproximações, distanciamentos e aspectos adaptáveis, mas não atingem objetivamente os propósitos principais para a língua de acolhimento como faz o livro de PLAc.
A escola e a formação da individualidade para si na perspectiva da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2022-11-09) Grizzo, Camila Gaido ; Duarte, Newton ; Faculdade de Ciências e Letras
Dentro do âmbito das correntes contra hegemônicas em educação, a pedagogia histórico-crítica compreende que para que os indivíduos possam se desenvolver enquanto pertencentes ao gênero humano é imprescindível que a escola esteja estruturada sob o compromisso ético e político de socializar para todos os indivíduos os saberes historicamente acumulados em suas formas mais desenvolvidas das ciências, da filosofia e das artes. É papel desta instituição transmitir tais conteúdos e organizá-los de maneira sequencial e lógica na forma de saber escolar, para que os estudantes em cada nova etapa tenham condições de caminhar no sentido da autoatividade consciente, a fim de construir as bases do que ficou categorizado como individualidade para si, bem como, construir as bases de uma nova sociedade livre da divisão das classes sociais e da propriedade privada dos meios de produção. Entretanto, as ideias pedagógicas majoritariamente presentes nas escolas brasileiras estão alinhadas aos pressupostos das pedagogias do “aprender a aprender”, colocando na centralidade do processo educativo escolar o cotidiano, valorizando todo o esforço que o aluno desempenha sozinho, baseado em uma forma de conhecimento desarticulada e simplista, na elaboração de meios e técnicas para realizar a resolução dos problemas que possam surgir nesse processo, alienando-o assim, da apropriação plena das objetivações desenvolvidas ao longo da história da humanidade e secundarizando o papel dos professores no trabalho educativo. Na Base Nacional Comum Curricular, este referencial teórico pode ser observado na pedagogia das competências, que está voltada os interesses de grupos empresariais a formação de trabalhadores que saibam articular várias funções, adaptando se aos contextos de mudanças do capital. O objetivo desta monografia está baseado na necessidade de fazermos todos os esforços coletivos e individuais que foram possíveis para caminharmos na direção do desenvolvimento humano em suas máximas possibilidades, lidando com os limites que a realidade contemporânea nos impõe.
Bolha Imobiliária no segmento de Hipotecas Subprime nos Estados Unidos: análise dos determinantes e das consequências da crise
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2023-11-17) Oliveira, Pedro Fernandes ; Paiva, Cláudio César de
O intuito deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão bibliográfica com o objetivo de expor e entender os motivos que culminaram na crise do subprime de 2008. Tratando desde o processo de desregulamentação financeira ocorrida nos Estados Unidos até as consequências do estouro da bolha imobiliária norte-americana, o presente trabalho traz informações, por meio de gráficos e citações, que abordam o processo da crise, desde os fatores que contribuíram para a instalação até as solucoes encontradas para a sua contenção.
A violência obstétrica como produto da racionalidade técnica
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2016-12-12) Cagnin, José Guilherme ; Paolielo, Renata Medeiros ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
This paper is aimed to the violence women suffer during pregnancy and birth inside institutions that offer assistance. Through a qualitative literature review, academic and governmental papers were documented and analyzed. These are welcome to understand a historic transformation in the assistance to pregnancy and birth. We will see that, from womanly, intimate and private events, pregnancy and birth became, after the introduction of obstetrics, technical and scientific subjects dominated by males. This paper shows personal experiences of obstetric violence suffered by women, who help us investigate, through their reports, how the technocratic paradigm of attention to childbirth, given this well-structured technical rationality, became responsible for this type of violence. The hypothesis is that, giving authority to doctors and institutions, this model is sustained by a hierarchy in which the existing power relations end up deeply affecting the experiences of women on the process of childbirth, alienating and leaving them on the background of it
Raul Seixas: um legado crítico e cultural
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2019-07-03) Marasca, Syro Fernando Fenerich ; Castro, Ana Lúcia de ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
This paper consists in doing a link between the life trajectory and the musical work of the brazilian singer and songwriter Raul Seixas, of the 1970s and 1980s, with the Brazilian History context of the second half of the twentieth century. From the biography of the artist, taking into account his personal trajectory together with his long musical career, this paper will also deal with theoretic discussions relevants to the History and Sociology studies, which are articulated with his musical productions done in the period of the 1970s and 1980s. The present research may become important in order to think about the past lived by the brazilian society, in the latter half of the twentieth century, and to demonstrate the cultural importance that Raul Seixas brought forth in this period
Financiamento para microempreendedor individual: barreiras ao microcrédito e as instituições de fomento
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-03) Pereira, Michel Aparecido Alves ; Jardim, Maria Chaves ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
This research aims to verify the efficiency and range of the programs and lines of credit available to the Individual Micro Entrepreneurs, as well as their mechanisms of access and release. Through statistical data available in the relevant literature, it was verified that an expressive percentage of this population does not have or had never obtained access to some type of floating coming from private or public financial institutions for investment promotion. From this diagnosis, we want to identify new variables to explain why this small entrepreneur cannot access credit. Regarding to Economic Sociology, we will use the concept of social construction of markets to identify what are the barriers to access to microcredit directed to the individual microentrepreneur agent (MEI), as well as the performance of credit and development institutions in this branch of economic activity
Estilística linguística: a cacofonia como recurso expressivo da língua
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-04) Brito, Eliza ; Massini-Cagliari, Gladis ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Linguistic Stylistics can be defined as a discipline focused on the phenomena of language, with the main purpose of style. The phonostylistic phenomenon to be presented and discussed in this work is the cacophony, which happens when syllables of one word are joined to another in the moment of pronunciation, often causing unpleasant sound, a bawdry term, or leading to no understanding of the message. The main objective of this research is to show, through the analysis of several examples, in various textual genres, that the production of cacophony is more than a vice of the language, as it appears in most common dictionaries, being possible to use it as a stylistic trait, intentionally, in order to produce humor, or ambiguity. The project consisted in the analysis of the phenomenon of cacophony as a potential expressive means of the language and not as a vice - error of the language. For this, the phonetic-phonological processes that lead to the events of this variation in the pronunciation of phrases are analyzed. The corpus of the work presents a diversity of textual genres - the examples were taken, in its vast majority, of the internet, through extensive research. From the analysis of the data, it was possible to note that the cacophony is a resource very much present in various types of texts, with intentional use. However, its study as a stylistic resource of the language is a very little explored perspective, and most of the theoretical content found is undeveloped and most often treats cacophony, mistakenly, as a language error, disregarding its stylistic aspect. Therefore, the importance of its study and the analysis of its use, demystifying this resource as an error and allowing a deeper analysis of the reasons that lead to its use and the intentionality proposed by the individuals that use it, allowing the contexts in which this trait appears and its meaning to be explored
As reverberações do erotismo na literatura fantástica e o caso particular de Os olhos verdes
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018) Santos, Leandro de Negreiros Pereira dos ; Volobuef, Karin ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The subgenre of literature called Fantastic causes curiosity and fascination to many readers and researchers, thanks to its thematic network - which includes diverse metaempirical manifestations which can be made by analysis of the fantastic effect in various instancies, such as: storyteller, characters, narratary, reader, among others. The recurrence of themes associated to eroticism is evident, as well as the way it manifests in literature. Based on this assumption, the present paper work aims to briefly explain the manifestation of eroticism and its deployment in a few narratives, as well as, in a more detailed way, the tale The green eyes written by the Spanish author Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer. Therefore, works by Romanticism and Fantastic experts, like Jacó Guinsburg, Anatol Rosenfeld, Tzvetan Todorov, Remo Ceserani, Filipe Furtado and Louis Vax, were consulted. Furthermore, it was necessary to seek theoretical support about eroticism, appealing to Marilena Chaui, Octavio Paz, George Bataille and other authors' works. Also, the main objective of this paper work is to establish a few possible readings regarding of erotic aspects in the Fantastic - especially at the Romanticism's period - by pointing intersections between elements of the configuration of a specific esthetics
Políticas de apoio à inovação no Brasil: um estudo de caso dos programas de financiamento à inovação não reembolsáveis da FINEP
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-04) Pinheiro, Ana Luísa de Camargo ; Gomes, Rogério ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The objective of this study is to analyze the policies of support innovation and the profile of the companies assisted, focusing the non-repayable financing models of the Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP) in the period between 2007 and 2014. The second objective is investigating the distribution of the incentive to innovation in the sectors and how the resources are spent. To deal with conceptual aspects of the process and financing for innovation it was used the neo-Schumpeterian and post-Keynesian currents. After, a presentation was made of policies to support innovation in Brazil in the period between 1999 and 2014 and a presentation of the non-refundable financing programs. In order to discuss the alignment of FINEP's non-refundable financing lines and industrial policies and to investigate the profile of companies financed by FINEP, a survey was carried out of data from FINEP, the Annual Social Information Registry (RAIS) and National Classification Commission (CONCLA). The paper concludes that non-reimbursable financing in the period between 2007 and 2014 was aligned with policies to support innovation and financed mostly smaller companies
IPTU Progressivo no Tempo e o Projeto de Araraquara
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2017-12-06) Soares, Gabriel de Carvalho ; Paiva, Cláudio César de ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
To reach the proposed objectives, the research was split into three chapters. The first chapter was structured in such a way so that the normative bases that orient taxation were left clear, highlighting the possibilities, characteristics and limits of the tributing powers, specially the taxes, furthermore, I presented the taxation characteristics of the federal entities, using the state of São Paulo and the city of Araraquara as examples of structure. Since the main goal of the research is the time progressive IPTU, the Araraquara structure was given a greater focus. In the second chapter, I detailed the IPTU in its taxating and non monetary functions, for that, it was necessary to explain the normative bases surrounding urban property, of the IPTU, in its normal and progressive conditions, and of the market value. Alongside the legal bases and the technical precepts, I have contextualized the actual scenario concerning the time progressive IPTU, bringing real life examples of its application and inquiring about its merits and efficiency. In the final chapter of this monography, I presented the proposal of the implementation of the time progressive IPTU and the updating of the Generical Plant of Values in the municipality of Araraquara, for such, it was necessary to present the juridical and historical contexts by which this debate is inserted. Always searching of a critical and impartial analysis, I exposed both sides of the debate, choosing the main arguments for and against the proposal that echo in the Legislative Power and society. In the end, I analyzed the arguments, strategies and actions of the groups of interest that would be affected by the implementation of the project, indicating the real intentions and suggesting another way of approaching the subject, so that the social acceptance increases and the social benefits of the utilization of the time progressive IPTU be reached
O movimento Brasil livre
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-11) Freitas, Osires Vinicius Alves ; Mariano, Karina Lilia Pasquariello ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
This paper discusses the Brazilian Free Movement (MBL) from its inception in 2014 to 2016, including the demonstrations in favor of impeachment, which were one of the greatest popular acts in Brazilian history, until the beginning of the campaigns elections for the 2016 municipal elections. It is shown a change of position of the MBL, which tries to approach the state, electing candidates linked to the movement after the removal of President Dilma Rousseff. This study starts from the problematic about the lead of MBL in the change of the way in which the Brazilian political right understands itself and acts in the society. In this context, it is added that those belonging to the right wing of the political spectrum find in the MBL the daily political activism, carried out through the virtual media, but that it was able to mobilize large contingents of individuals who were little engaged in their demands and practically not identified as being part of the political right. Faced with this outlook, the present text runs through the channeling of society's discontent with the State and political parties, in the conversion of this dissatisfaction to a feeling of expectation; for the resolution of corruption, especially the one committed by the Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT-Workers Party); and for the reduction of the tax burden and the oversize of the State, which would be the main Brazilian problems in the MBL's conception. The following analysis includes the importance of social networks in gaining adherents to the movement, in the realization of the manifestations and in the influence of the MBL in the elections
Panorama das tecnologias sociais no Brasil: um olhar a partir do Banco de Tecnologias Sociais da Fundação Banco do Brasil
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018) Oshiro, Vinicius Kiyoshi ; Morais, Leandro Pereira ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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A utilização da inovação aberta por parte das empresas brasileiras: uma análise através da PINTEC/IBGE
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018) Minatogawa, Rafael F. Ferraz ; Correa, André Luiz ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not available
Desenvolvimento do Brasil: a importância da indústria na economia
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018) Miranda, André Araújo ; Carvalho, Enéas Gonçalves ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The general objective of this paper is to discuss the development and influence of the industry in this process. Specifically, is to show the great importance of this sector in the economic growth. Through the technical analysis of the sectors of the economy, of the literature and historical analysis, it can be concluded that in fact, the secondary sector has a huge effect on development
A indústria farmacêutica: um estudo focado nos tratados internacionais e no comércio exterior do Peru
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018) Rojas Jesus, Alexandra Del Rosario ; Gomes, Rogério ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not avaiable
A questão fiscal nos planos de estabilização da economia nos anos 1980 e no Plano Real
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-04) Carmo, Luiz Eduardo Dias do ; Brigante, Paulo César ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not available
Constelação de fragmentos: o dramático, o épico e o pós-dramático em In On It, de Daniel MacIvor
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-10) Bin, Rafael Gallina ; Junqueira, Renata Soares ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The present work develops a reflection on the formal and stylistic features of contemporary drama. In this sense, we take as analysis subject the play In on It, by Daniel MacIvor, a Canadian author who has garnered recognition and important awards, but, despite of that, isn't deeply studied by the university. First, a panoramic approach highlights the main features of MacIvor's dramaturgy. Then, we propose an analysis of In On It following the lessons proposed of Ryngaert (1996), in order to describe the organization, structure and functioning of the play. In the sequence, the text is confronted with the aesthetic categories of the dramatic, epic and post-dramatic aiming to identify the marks that In On It bears of each of these theatrical concepts. The dramatic is based on the formulation from Diderot (2005); the epic, according to Brecht (2005) and Szondi (2011); and the post-dramatic, according to Lehmann (2007). As a conclusion, we present a reflection on hybridism as manifestation of the contemporary drama and possibility to express the present world
Um estudo sobre a relação aluno-professor-conteúdo no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de inglês por meio das inteligências múltiplas
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018-12-12) Nicholson, Lianelle Ayve Garcia ; Kaneko-Marques, Sandra Mari ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The learning process establishes itself through many interactions. The interactions that deserve to be highlighted are: the relationship between the student, the teacher and the subject that is being taught. This relationship can be analysed with the use of the Multiple Intelligences theory, which subsides the discussion on the relationship of the student, his teacher and the subject the student is studying. The present work searches how these relationships evolve during the learning process and how they affect the student's motivation and personality factors exposition. For this analysis, classes given in one Academic English course of the Language without Borders Program (LwB) were observed. These classes were given online through the blended class teaching method. Three questionnaires were used during this research: one was given to the students in order to map their multiple intelligences and the other two were given to the teacher in order to zoom in her personal view of the topics of this research. The initial hypothesis was that the student's connection to the teacher and the subject would portray as a major element in the learning process. It came to be, however, that not only the relationship with the teacher and the subject were important, but also the student's relationship with his classmates and his proficiency in the English language portrayed as fundamental factors to the students behaviour and development during the given classes. The student's level of proficiency in the English language affected the student's relationship with the teacher, the subject and his classmates
As orações encaixadas no português: uma análise sobre a transitividade verbal
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2018) Henriques, Laís Crepaldi ; Rodrigues, Angélica T. Carmo ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Not available
Um olhar sobre as bruxas de Harry Potter
(Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), 2019) Medeiros, Rafaela Dantas de ; Mauro, Claudia Fernanda de Campos ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
The main purpose of this capstone project is to demonstrate the complexity of the female characters of Harry Potter's saga, as well as the representativeness of the real women that each carries. For this it will be highlight some female characters that are part of the seven books published and others that appear in only a few passages, because it is believed that they are the ones most worked by the author, J. K. Rowling - those with greater detail of physical characteristics and personality. Besides that, one of these characters, Hermione Granger, will be discussed separately because we believe she is an extremely complex character who carries and conveys the author's thoughts and teachings. This project also presents a relation of data referring to the publications and launches of all the books and films of the saga, besides a brief approach on the narrative structure; in this approach will be presented the position of the series with regard to literary genres, as well as the characteristics responsible for such placement

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