Production of biopolymers by bacterial isolates from a plant biomass-degrading consortium

Abstract

The present study investigates the potential of bacterial isolates from a plant biomass-degrading consortium for biopolymer production with the use of agroindustrial residues as carbon sources. The investigation focused on the synthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPS), bacterial cellulose (BC), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). Notably, the isolates identified as Agrobacterium sp. and Cohnella sp. successfully produced BC and EPS from lignocellulosic residues. Although PHB production was not detected under the tested conditions, this outcome is likely related to the specific cultivation parameters and metabolic preferences of the isolates. HPLC and FTIR analysis revealed that the produced heteropolysaccharides predominantly consisted of glucose, galactose, and mannose, with low acetate content. The EPS exhibited exceptional emulsification properties, with indices exceeding 70 % when tested with hydrocarbons and used frying oil, both of which are classified as environmental pollutants. These findings highlight the dual benefits of utilizing agro-industrial residues for biopolymer production: addressing waste disposal issues while generating value-added, eco-friendly materials. This study underscores the potential of microbial biopolymer synthesis as a sustainable strategy for waste valorization and industrial innovation.