IONOSPHERIC IRREGULARITIES MEASURED BY GROUND-BASED AND SATELLITE-EMBEDDED RECEIVERS: ANALYSIS OF S4 INDEX IN A LOW LATITUDE REGION

Abstract. Ionosphere is an important layer of Earth’s atmosphere which can interfere in the transmission of radio signals, affecting several activities, such as the ones related to global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) positioning. In this intend, many efforts have been made in the last decades in order to better understand and model this region of atmosphere. The observation of ionosphere and its irregularities can be performed by several techniques, including classic methods such as ionosondes. Besides that, the use of GNSS signals as source of atmospheric observations have allowed the development of different methodologies and techniques to obtain ionospheric information. Among those, the use of data collected by receivers embedded in low earth orbiting (LEO) satellites, such as the ones used in radio occultation (RO) missions can be relevant due to the amount and distribution of the data obtained. Besides that, GNSS receivers has also been used in ground stations networks to continuously monitor the ionosphere. In this sense, the present work aims to compare irregularities observed by two different techniques using data from ground-based (GNSS monitoring stations) and satellite-embedded (RO mission) receivers. The study is performed over one of the most challenging scenarios, the Brazilian region, considering seasonal variability in two months (low and high solar flux) from 2014 (solar cycle peak). The results obtained show agreement in the general behavior of the ionospheric irregularities observed by the two different techniques.