Boson-boson bound states in higher-derivative electromagnetism augmented by a Chern-Simons term

Abstract

The Chern-Simons term alone is unable to form scalar Cooper pairs. Nonetheless, there exist charged-scalar-boson - charged-scalar-boson bound states in the framework of Maxwell-Chern- Simons theory. Numerical calculations indicate that there are also Cooper pairs within the context of three-dimensional electromagnetism with a cutoff (three-dimensional electromagnetism with higher derivatives) supplemented by a Chern-Simons term. We show that it is always possible to find an interval where the models with higher derivatives have a total number of bound states greater than those with lower derivatives.