Limnological parameters of water bodies for the production of Tambaqui in the Amazon Region

Abstract

Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) is currently the most cultivated native fish species in Brazil. Predominantly bred in the northern region of the country, it has recent territorial development and requires technical studies for production dynamics. The influence of the cultivation system and seasonality on the limnological parameters of the water bodies for tambaqui (C. macropomum) breeding in Ariquemes RO Brazil, are evaluated. Fifteen fish farms were randomly chosen, characterized by three production systems (extensive, semi-intensive and intensive). Water samples were collected at 3 different sites (supply, nursery and receiving bodies) at two periods (summer/drought and Amazonian winter/rain), totaling 90 observations. No significant difference was detected between the temperature and dissolved oxygen variables. Results for pH, total coliforms and fecal coliforms differed significantly between the collection periods, where rainfall increased reduced pH and favored the proliferation of microorganisms. Higher rates in color and turbidity were reported in intensive production system and demonstrated that the increase in production compromised the parameters of water transparency. Higher results in the nurseries for variables electrical conductivity, hardness, ammonia, nitrite and phosphorus were detected, whereas color and phosphorus rates were higher than those defined by Conama Resolution 357/2005. Results show the need of good management practices to improve several parameters closely related to water quality for the sustainable development of fishing activities.