Computed Tomography and a Dental Intraoral Scanner to Generate Three-Dimensional Models of the Beaks of Three Bird Species

This study aimed to assess the beaks of Neotropical birds using two scanning techniques-CT and a dental intraoral scanner-along with macroscopic analysis. Six specimens per family were selected, including parakeets, red-legged seriemas, and black vultures. The upper beaks were measured in the CT sagittal view for length along the longitudinal axis and height on the transverse axis. The same measurements were performed on the 3D images. Additionally, beak width in the middle of the naris area, as well as the length and height of the nares, were measured on the 3D images. The closed polygon tool outlined the beak, generating volume in cm2. The 3D images obtained with the dental scanner were measured, similarly to those from 3D-CT scans for the beaks' length, height, and width. Macroscopic measurements of the beaks were also conducted. Some differences in beak measurements between imaging methods were verified. In conclusion, both techniques are effective, but CT provides more detailed information. The combination of both methods would be ideal for developing and applying beak prostheses.