Surface Modification of the Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn Alloy and its Influence on the Cell and Bacteria Adhesion – In Vitro Studies

In this study, alkaline treatment was used to change the surface of the new beta titanium alloy Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn and enhance its bioactivity. Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn, a new experimental alloy was processed in the laboratory and the surfaces were modified using alkaline treatment. Samples were soaked at 60 0C for 24 hours in different NaOH solutions to obtain surfaces with different morphologies. The surfaces were characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The wettability of the surfaces was measured using the sessile drop method. In vitro studies were carried out to evaluate cell adhesion, proliferation, and bacteria adhesion. As a result of the alkaline treatment, a nanoporous and amorphous layer was formed on the Ti25Ta25Nb3Sn alloy surface with super hydrophilic behavior for all conditions evaluated. However, different nano topography was observed which affected biological response. The morphology obtained after immersion in 1.5 NaOH solution led to bacteria adhesion decreased and osteoblasts cells differentiation. Results of this study show that is possible to obtain a new titanium experimental alloy with excellent bulk and surface properties that may decrease the risk of infections and increase osseointegration.