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Luminescent Pb-free perovskites: low-cytotoxicity materials for primary thermal sensing
(2023-01-01) Passini, Luan N. ; Maturi, Fernando E. ; Pugina, Roberta S. ; Hilário, Eloísa G. ; Fontes, Marina ; Barud, Hernane S. ; Carlos, Luís D. ; Caiut, José Maurício A. ; Manzani, Danilo ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP) ; University of Aveiro ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Araraquara (UNIARA)
Selecting a suitable host matrix to perform temperature sensing in biomedical applications requires low cytotoxicity, facile synthesis, and an ability to be doped with light-emitting ions. With this perspective, indium-based halide double perovskites, specifically Cs2AgIn0.9Bi0.1Cl6, Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4InCl6, and Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4In0.9Bi0.1Cl6, were chosen as host materials to develop lanthanide-based primary thermometers due to their low phonon energy and ease of synthesis. The incorporation of Na+ and Bi3+ into the perovskite cubic crystal lattice was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy while the optical properties of both the undoped and Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped perovskites were assessed by diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The obtained perovskite samples demonstrated excellent thermal stability, with the ability to withstand temperatures as high as 500 °C. A temperature-dependent green emission of Er3+ was observed in the co-doped samples upon 980 nm irradiation, yielding a relative thermal sensitivity and uncertainty in temperature values of 1.3% K−1 and 0.3 K, respectively. Incorporating the obtained perovskites (0.05 to 0.20 mg mL−1) into L2929 cells as an in vitro model resulted in high cell viability, underscoring the benefits of selecting such a low-cytotoxicity material for applications in biological media.
Complete bladder eversion in periparturient Nellore cow – case report
(2023-01-01) Silva, J. R.B. ; Baumam, C. A.E. ; Mendonça, A. P.A. ; Ferreira, J. C.P. ; Hussni, C. A. ; Alves, A. L.G. ; Watanabe, M. J. ; Rodrigues, C. A. ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Partial or complete bladder eversion is a rare condition of poor prognosis in cows, commonly associated with intense tenesmus observed in the peripartum period. A 14-year-old obese Nellore cow at 280 days of gestation was referred with 24-hour bladder prolapse. The bladder was complete eversion through the vulvar vestibule showing a thick congested wall and small residual urine volume. After clinical examination, the cow received scopolamine butylbromide and intercoccygeal epidural anesthesia, and the externalized bladder segment was partially reduced, remaining only 10 cm externalized. The cow was maintained with an intravesical human gastric tube number 16 and constant monitoring. The eversion was fully reduced after 12 hours of local treatment, and as the cow presented subclinical ketosis, hypocalcemia and cystitis, antibiotic, glucose, calcium and propylene glycol therapy were performed. We opted for induction of parturition, and after 24 hours, a healthy 52kg calf was born and the placenta was delivered 16 hours after calving. The cow and calf were discharged on the sixth day of hospitalization, with no recurrences or secondary complications after treatment.
Changes in Carbon Dioxide Balance Associated with Land Use and Land Cover in Brazilian Legal Amazon Based on Remotely Sensed Imagery
(2023-06-01) Crivelari-Costa, Patrícia Monique ; Lima, Mendelson ; La Scala Jr, Newton ; Rossi, Fernando Saragosa ; Della-Silva, João Lucas ; Dalagnol, Ricardo ; Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo ; Teodoro, Larissa Pereira Ribeiro ; Oliveira, Gabriel de ; Junior, José Francisco de Oliveira ; Silva Junior, Carlos Antonio da ; State University of Mato Grosso (UNEMAT) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) ; California Institute of Technology ; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) ; University of South Alabama ; Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL)
The Amazon region comprises the largest tropical forest on the planet and is responsible for absorbing huge amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere. However, changes in land use and cover have contributed to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions, especially CO2, and in endangered indigenous lands and protected areas in the region. The objective of this study was to detect changes in CO2 emissions and removals associated with land use and land cover changes in the Brazilian Legal Amazon (BLA) through the analysis of multispectral satellite images from 2009 to 2019. The Gross Primary Production (GPP) and CO2Flux variables were estimated by the MODIS sensor onboard Terra and Aqua satellite, representing carbon absorption by vegetation during the photosynthesis process. Atmospheric CO2 concentration was estimated from the GOSAT satellite. The variables GPP and CO2Flux showed the effective flux of carbon in the BLA to atmosphere, which were weakly correlated with precipitation (r = 0.191 and 0.133). The forest absorbed 211.05 TgC annually but, due to its partial conversion to other land uses, the loss of 135,922.34 km2 of forest area resulted in 5.82 TgC less carbon being absorbed. Pasture and agriculture, which comprise the main land conversions, increased by 100,340.39 km2 and absorbed 1.32 and 3.19 TgC less, and emitted close to twice more, than forest in these areas. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased from 2.2 to 2.8 ppm annually in BLA, with hotspots observed in the southeast Amazonia, and CO2 capture by GPP showed an increase over the years, mainly after 2013, in the north and west of the BLA. This study brings to light the carbon dynamics, by GPP and CO2Flux models, as related to the land use and land cover in one of the biggest world carbon reservoirs, the Amazon, which is also important to fulfillment of international agreements signed by Brazil to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and for biodiversity conservation and other ecosystem services in the region.
Mechanical and Thermoanalytical Study of Polypropylene Geomats Exposed in the Field and the Laboratory
(2023-06-01) Lins da Silva, Jefferson ; Valentin, Clever Aparecido ; Kobelnik, Marcelo ; Pedroso, Gabriel Orquizas Mattielo ; Aparício-Ardila, Maria Alejandra ; Araújo Júnior, Luiz Paulo Vieira de ; Luz, Marta Pereira da ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP) ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) ; Eletrobras Furnas ; Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás-PUC Goiás
A Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) presents erosion problems on reservoir slopes and margins. Geomats are a biotechnical composite technology increasingly used to protect soils against erosion. Survivability or durability of geomats is essential for successful application. This work analyses the degradation of geomats exposed in the field for more than six years. These geomats were used as erosion-control treatment in a slope at HPP Simplício in Brazil. The degradation of the geomats in the laboratory was also analysed through exposure in a UV ageing chamber for 500 h and 1000 h. Degradation was quantitatively evaluated by testing the tensile strength of the geomat wires and thermal tests such as thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the geomat wires exposed in the field had a greater decrease in resistance compared to the samples exposed in the laboratory. In the samples collected in the field, it could be observed that the degradation of the virgin sample occurred earlier than in the exposed samples, contrary to what was observed in the TG tests carried out with the samples exposed in the laboratory. The DSC analysis showed that the samples had similar behaviours for the melting peaks. This evaluation of the wires of the geomats was presented as an alternative to analysing the tensile strengths of discontinuous geosynthetic materials such as the geomats.
Genomic inbreeding estimation, runs of homozygosity, and heterozygosity-enriched regions uncover signals of selection in the Quarter Horse racing line
(2023-01-01) Santos, Wellington B. ; Pereira, Camila B. ; Maiorano, Amanda M. ; Arce, Cherlynn D. Silva ; Baldassini, Welder A. ; Pereira, Guilherme L. ; Chardulo, Luis Artur L. ; Neto, Otávio R. M. ; Oliveira, Henrique N. ; Curi, Rogério A. ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)
With the advent of genomics, significant progress has been made in the genetic improvement of livestock species, particularly through increased accuracy in predicting breeding values for selecting superior animals and the possibility of performing a high-resolution genetic scan throughout the genome of an individual. The main objectives of this study were to estimate the individual genomic inbreeding coefficient based on runs of homozygosity (FROH), to identify and characterize runs of homozygosity and heterozygosity (ROH and ROHet, respectively; length and distribution) throughout the genome, and to map selection signatures in relevant chromosomal regions in the Quarter Horse racing line. A total of 336 animals registered with the Brazilian Association of Quarter Horse Breeders (ABQM) were genotyped. One hundred and twelve animals were genotyped using the Equine SNP50 BeadChip (Illumina, USA), with 54,602 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; 54K). The remaining 224 samples were genotyped using the Equine SNP70 BeadChip (Illumina, USA) with 65,157 SNPs (65K). To ensure data quality, we excluded animals with a call rate below 0.9. We also excluded SNPs located on non-autosomal chromosomes, as well as those with a call rate below 0.9 or a p-value below 1 × 10−5 for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The results indicate moderate to high genomic inbreeding, with 46,594 ROH and 16,101 ROHet detected. In total, 30 and 14 candidate genes overlap with ROH and ROHet regions, respectively. The ROH islands showed genes linked to crucial biological processes, such as cell differentiation (CTBP1, WNT5B, and TMEM120B), regulation of glucose metabolic process (MAEA and NKX1-1), heme transport (PGRMC2), and negative regulation of calcium ion import (VDAC1). In ROHet, the islands showed genes related to respiratory capacity (OR7D19, OR7D4G, OR7D4E, and OR7D4J) and muscle repair (EGFR and BCL9). These findings could aid in selecting animals with greater regenerative capacity and developing treatments for muscle disorders in the QH breed. This study serves as a foundation for future research on equine breeds. It can contribute to developing reproductive strategies in animal breeding programs to improve and preserve the Quarter Horse breed.
Flexural Strength Characteristics of Fiber-Reinforced Cemented Soil
(2023-06-01) Pedroso, Gabriel Orquizas Mattielo ; dos Santos Junior, Ricardo Domingos ; Lins da Silva, Jefferson ; Motta, Mariana Ferreira Benessiuti ; Félix, Emerson Felipe ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
This work deals with the flexural performance of a soil-cement for pavement reinforced by polypropylene and steel fibers, and the main purpose is to evaluate the effect of different curing times. In this sense, three different curing times were employed to investigate the influence of fibers on the material’s behavior at varying levels of strength and stiffness as the matrix became increasingly rigid. An experimental program was developed to analyze the effects of incorporating different fibers in a cemented matrix for pavement applications. Polypropylene and steel fibers were used at 0.5/1.0/1.5% fractions by volume for three different curing times (3/7/28 days) to assess the fiber effect in the cemented soil (CS) matrices throughout time. An evaluation of the material performance was carried out using the 4-Point Flexural Test. The results show that steel fibers with 1.0% content improved by approximately 20% in terms of initial strength and peak strength at small deflections without interfering the flexural static modulus of the material. The polypropylene fiber mixtures had better performance in terms of ductility index reaching values varying from 50 to 120, an increase of approximately 40% in residual strength, and improved cracking control at large deflections. The current study shows that fibers significantly affect the mechanical performance of CSF. Thus, the overall performance presented in this study is useful for selecting the most suitable fiber type corresponding to the different mechanisms as a function of curing time.
Flow boiling pressure drop of R-1270 in 1.0 mm tube
(2023-08-01) Diehl de Oliveira, Jeferson ; Copetti, Jacqueline Biancon ; Cardoso, Elaine Maria ; Rodrigues de Souza, Reinaldo ; Center of Innovation and Technology ; University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Minho
This study experimentally investigated the flow boiling pressure drop and flow patterns of R-1270 in a horizontal circular tube with 1.0 mm ID. The experiments were carried out with mass flux between 240 and 480 kg/(m2s) and heat flux ranging from 5 to 60 kW/m2 at a saturation temperature of 25 °C. Flow patterns and void fraction distribution among channels were observed with a high-speed camera in a visualization section. The influence of mass flux and vapour quality on pressure drop was verified. The flow patterns identified during tests were plug, slug churn and wavy-annular, differently distributed along the channels. The results were also compared with eight different correlations proposed in the literature. Results indicate the dependence of pressure drop on both mass and vapour quality.
Comparing the activity of propolis-loaded nanoparticles or hydroethanolic extract on cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(2023-01-01) Sartori, Arthur A. ; de Oliveira Cardoso, Eliza ; Santiago, Karina B. ; Conte, Fernanda Lopes ; Tasca, Karen I. ; Justino, Isabela A. ; Marincek, Andréia ; Marcato, Priscyla D. ; Bastos, Jairo K. ; Sforcin, José M. ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Use of priming agents for kale seedling production
(2023-04-01) da Silva, A. L.B.R. ; da Silva, T. R. ; Jones, Z. ; Foshee, W. ; Candian, J. S. ; Cardoso, A. I.I. ; Auburn University ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
The Objective s of this study were to characterize the seed imbibition process of kale seeds, evaluate the effect of three priming techniques on kale seedling production, and identify a priming strategy that increases the emergence, vigor, and growth of kale seedlings. Using three priming agents: water (seeds imbibed for 3, 6, 9, and 12 h), polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) (seeds imbibed at -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, and -0.8 MPa with kale seeds imbibed for 4, 8, 12, and 16 h), and Progibb® LV; (seeds imbibed at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g a.i. L-1for 15, 30, 45, and 60 min), and three kale cultivars ('Red Russian', 'Blue Ridge', and 'Siberian'), three experiments evaluated kale seedling parameters, including emergence speed index (ESI) and total emergence (TE) in a complete randomized block design (n=4) each. Water imbibition for 3 h provided the highest ESI and TE in the hydropriming experiment. In the hormonal priming experiment, Progibb® LV at 0.5% a.i. imbibed for 15 min provided the highest ESI and TE. In the osmopriming experiment, PEG6000 at 0.2 MPa for 16 h provided the highest ESI and TE. Once the best treatment of each experiment was compared to a control treatment, in which no priming agents were used, only the water imbibition for 3 h presented higher ESI than the control. However, this increment was only 1% higher, indicating that priming agents on kale seedling production should be focused on seedling quality rather than emergence rate.
Karyotype evolution in Ronderosia grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
(2023-06-01) Castillo, Elio Rodrigo D. ; Scattolini, M. Celeste ; Palacios-Gimenez, Octavio M. ; Martí, Dardo A. ; Cabral-De-Mello, Diogo C. ; Cigliano, María M. ; Universidad Nacional de Misiones ; CONICET-CCT ; FCNyM-UNLP ; Uppsala University ; Friedrich Schiller University Jena ; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Jaén
Grasshoppers in the genus Ronderosia (divergence time < 5 Mya) provide a special opportunity to examine the impact of chromosome rearrangements (CRs) in evolution and speciation, because they exhibit extensively rearranged karyotypes involving autosome-autosome and autosome-X chromosomes, the latter leading to the formation of a neo-sex chromosome system (neo-SCS). Despite the potential role of CRs in speciation, the general patterns of karyotype changes resulting from CRs in Ronderosia are still unclear. Here we investigated karyotype evolution in eight Ronderosia species using cytogenetic and phylogenetic models of ancestral character reconstruction. The overall findings suggest a central role for CRs in generating variability in chromosome number and neo-SCS across Ronderosia grasshoppers. It also suggests that incipient species with little morphological change, such as those observed in Ronderosia species, could accumulate marked differences in their karyotypes contributing to post-zygotic reproductive isolation. Besides the evolution of chromosome number in the phylogeny of the genus, chromosome change due to centric fusion is coupled with the divergence pattern observed in the group. While a cladogenetic event could represent a case where karyotypic differences result in speciation, further in-depth genomic studies are needed to better understand how these dramatic restructurings of karyotypes may have occurred.
Has the Rio Doce “time bomb” been defused? Using a weight-of-evidence approach to determine sediment quality
(2023-01-01) Abessa, Denis ; Burton, G. Allen ; Cervi, Eduardo C. ; Simpson, Stuart L. ; Stubblefield, William ; Ribeiro, Caio C. ; Cruz, Ana C. F. ; Kruger, Gisele ; Smith, Ross ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; University of Michigan ; WSP Golder ; CSIRO Environment ; Oregon State University ; Hydrobiology
The Fundão mine tailings dam rupture of 2015, in the Rio Doce basin, Brazil, resulted in the deposition of tailings downstream of the dam. It has yet to be determined if metals associated with the tailings have contributed toxicity to organisms, burying a time bomb that could be ticking. Currently the data on toxicity to benthic and aquatic organisms have not been assessed sufficiently to allow an informed assessment using an approach based on weight-of-evidence. This study was conducted to ascertain if sediments at “hot spots” that received Fundão tailings reflected elevated concentrations of metals and if these concentrations were sufficient to result in toxicity to freshwater organisms. The lines-of-evidence considered included assessing metals concentrations in relation to sediment quality criteria, establishing biogeochemical characterizations, completing an evaluation of potential metal release upon resuspension to provide information on bioavailability, and identifying acute and chronic toxicity effects using sensitive native species for waters (water flea, Daphnia similis) and sediments (burrowing midge larvae, Chironomus sancticaroli). Only porewater concentrations of iron and manganese exceeded Brazilian surface water criteria, whereas most trace elements exhibited no enrichment or elevated environmental indexes. The concentrations of bioavailable metals were assessed to be low, and metal concentrations did not increase in the overlying water upon resuspension; rather, they decreased through time. Toxicity testing in resuspended waters and bulk sediments resulted in no acute or chronic toxicity to either benthic or aquatic species. The low metal bioavailability and absence of toxicity of the tailings-enriched sediments was attributed to the strong binding and rapid removal of potentially toxic metal ions caused by oxyhydroxides and particles in the presence of iron-rich particulates. The findings of these sediment hot-spot studies indicate the Fundão dam release of tailings more than six years ago is not causing the current release of toxic concentrations of metals into the freshwaters of the Rio Doce. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;00:1–11. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Risk factors for major complications after surgical treatment of primary ileocecal Crohn's disease. A multicenter Latin American experience
(2023-01-01) Nicolás, Avellaneda ; Rodrigues Coy, Claudio Saddy ; Henrique, Sarubbi Fillmann ; Rogerio, Saad-Hossne ; Pablo, Muñoz Juan ; Rafael, García-Duperly ; Felipe, Bellolio ; Nicolás, Rotholtz ; Gustavo, Rossi ; Ricardo, Marquez V Juan ; Mariano, Cillo ; Antonio, Lacerda-Filho ; Augusto, Carrie ; Beatriz, Yuki Maruyama ; Lucio, Sarubbi Fillmann ; Maria, Silvino Craveiro Marcela ; Ezequiel, Ferro ; Eduardo, Londoño-Schimmer ; Andrés, Iglesias ; Camila, Bras Harriott ; Pablo, Campana Juan ; Daniel, Londoño Estrada ; Rogini, Balachandran ; Gustavo, Kotze Paulo ; Hospital Universitario CEMIC ; Aarhus University Hospital ; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) ; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Rio Grande do Sul ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Nueva Proctología ; Fundación Santa Fé de Bogotá ; Pontíficia Universidad Católica de Chile ; Hospital Aleman de Buenos Aires ; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires ; Clínica Las Américas ; Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires ; Felicio Rocho Hospital ; Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR)
Introduction: Complications after ileocecal resection for Crohn's disease (CD) are frequent. The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors for postoperative complications after these procedures. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients treated surgically for Crohn's disease limited to the ileocecal region during an 8-year period at 10 medical centers specialized in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Latin America. Patients were allocated into 2 groups: those who presented major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo > II), the “postoperative complication” (POC) group; and those who did not, the “no postoperative complication” (NPOC) group. Preoperative characteristics and intraoperative variables were analyzed to identify possible factors for POC. Results: In total, 337 patients were included, with 51 (15.13%) in the POC cohort. Smoking was more prevalent among the POC patients (31.37 vs 17.83; p = 0.026), who presented more preoperative anemia (33.33 vs 17.48%; p = 0.009), required more urgent care (37.25 vs 22.38; p = 0.023), and had lower albumin levels. Complicated disease was associated with higher postoperative morbidity. POC patients had a longer operative time (188.77 vs 143.86 min; p = 0.005), more intraoperative complications (17.65 vs 4.55%; p < 0.001), and lower rates of primary anastomosis. In the multivariate analysis, both smoking and intraoperative complications were independently associated with the occurrence of major postoperative complications. Conclusion: This study shows that risk factors for complications after primary ileocecal resections for Crohn's disease in Latin America are similar to those reported elsewhere. Future efforts in the region should be aimed at improving these outcomes by controlling some of the identified factors.
Overseeding aeschynomene and N fertilization effects on forage characteristics, N fixation, and N2O-N emissions of bahiagrass pastures
(2023-01-01) Garzon, Jaime ; Vendramini, Joao M. B. ; Silveira, Maria L. ; Dubeux, Jose Carlos B. ; Liao, Hui-Ling ; Sollenberger, Lynn E. ; da Silva, Hiran M. S. ; Gomes, Vinicius C. ; de Oliveira, Hugo M. R. ; University of Maine ; University of Florida ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Federal University of North Tocantins
Aeschynomene (Aeschynomene americana L.) is a warm-season annual legume forage used in tropical and subtropical regions; however, there is limited information on agronomic and environmental benefits of aeschynomene when overseeded into bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) swards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of overseeding aeschynomene or applying N fertilizer to existing bahiagrass on forage characteristics, atmospheric N fixation, and N2O-N emissions. The study was conducted in Ona, FL, from April 2019 to March 2021. Treatments were the split-plot arrangement of bahiagrass-aeschynomene or bahiagrass monoculture (main plot) and N fertilization level (0 or 60 kg N ha−1; subplot), distributed in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Nitrogen fixation was estimated in plots receiving no N fertilization. The static chamber technique was used to estimate N2O-N emissions. Overseeding aeschynomene did not increase forage accumulation (mean = 1300 kg dry matter [DM] ha−1 harvest−1) or N2O emissions (mean = 15 g N2O-N ha−1 per day), but increased forage crude protein (CP) concentration (from 98 to 108 g kg−1) when compared to bahiagrass monoculture. Nitrogen fertilization increased forage accumulation (from 1200 to 1400 kg DM ha−1 per harvest) but it did not affect aeschynomene N fixation (84% N derived from atmospheric fixation [Ndfa]). Nitrous oxide emissions had significant temporal variability across all treatments; however, there were no differences in accumulated N2O-N emissions among treatments (mean = 2.4 kg N2O-N ha−1 per year). Overseeding aeschynomene is an effective management practice to increase forage CP concentration in pastures without increasing N2O-N emissions.
Absence of aluminium compromises root integrity, reduces leaf hydration and Rubisco performance in Qualea grandiflora, an Al-accumulating species
(2023-01-01) Silva, G. S. ; Rodrigues, J. S. ; Carvalho, B. M.D.O. ; Gavassi, M. A. ; Bressan, A. C.G. ; Habermann, G. ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Aluminium (Al) is toxic to most plants. Nevertheless, some species accumulate Al without showing toxicity symptoms. Previous studies have evidenced Al in chloroplasts of Al-accumulating species from the Cerrado vegetation in South America. We ask whether Al increases carbon assimilation through enhanced apparent efficiency of Rubisco. Seedlings of the Al-accumulator Qualea grandiflora (Vochysiaceae) were grown in nutrient solution with 0, 740, and 1480 μm Al. Growth parameters, relative leaf water content, Al concentration in organs, gas exchange and apparent carboxylation efficiency (measured from A/Ci curves) were evaluated for 60 days. Plants without Al showed no root growth, necrotic roots, low gas exchange rates, and decreased apparent carboxylation efficiency. Al-treated plants, however, showed new white roots and increased root biomass leading to higher leaf hydration, and apparent carboxylation efficiency was higher in these plants. Increased Al available in the nutrient solution increased Al accumulation in plant organs. Absence of Al compromised root integrity in Q. grandiflora, thus limiting leaf hydration. No positive direct effect of Al on Rubisco was evidenced in Al-treated plants.
PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY AND CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY TO MEASURE DISTANCES BETWEEN ROOT APEXES AND ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES
(2022-09-01) Ferrari, Carlos Henrique ; Hasna, Amjad Abu ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Aim: To compare the accuracy of the panoramic radiography with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in measuring the distances between root apexes and the adjacent anatomical structures including the maxillary sinus and the mandibular canal. Material and Methods: A total of 200 CBCT scans (100 maxillary and 100 mandibular) from patients who also had corresponding panoramic radiography were selected. Linear measurements (in mm) presenting centralized image were made between the apexes of the maxillary teeth and the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus, and between the apexes of the mandibular teeth and the superior border of the mandibular canal by using specific software for panoramic radiography and the measurements on the coronal sections in CBCT scans. Data were submitted to inferential statistical analysis and Student’s t-test for comparison between measurements. Results: CBCT scans were significantly more accurate than panoramic radiography to measure the distances between the apexes of the maxillary teeth and the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus (p<0.05) and between the apexes of the mandibular teeth and the superior border of the mandibular canal or mental foramen (p<0.05). Conclusion: CBCT scans present more accurate measurements than panoramic radiography.
Untargeted metabolomics approach and molecular networking analysis reveal changes in chemical composition under the influence of altitudinal variation in bamboo species
(2023-01-01) Chitiva, Luis Carlos ; Lozano-Puentes, Hair Santiago ; Londoño, Ximena ; Leão, Tiago F. ; Cala, Mónica P. ; Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo ; Díaz-Ariza, Lucía Ana ; Prieto-Rodríguez, Juliet A. ; Castro-Gamboa, Ian ; Costa, Geison M. ; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidad Nacional de Colombia ; Universidad de los Andes ; Universidad de Guadalajara
Bamboo species have traditionally been used as building material and potential source of bioactive substances, as they produce a wide variety of phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and cinnamic acid derivatives that are considered biologically active. However, the effects of growth conditions such as location, altitude, climate, and soil on the metabolome of these species still need to be fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate variations in chemical composition induced by altitudinal gradient (0–3000 m) by utilizing an untargeted metabolomics approach and mapping chemical space using molecular networking analysis. We analyzed 111 samples from 12 bamboo species collected from different altitudinal ranges using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). We used multivariate and univariate statistical analyses to identify the metabolites that showed significant differences in the altitude environments. Additionally, we used the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) web platform to perform chemical mapping by comparing the metabolome among the studied species and the reference spectra from its database. The results showed 89 differential metabolites between the altitudinal ranges investigated, wherein high altitude environments significantly increased the profile of flavonoids. While, low altitude environments significantly boosted the profile of cinnamic acid derivatives, particularly caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs). MolNetEnhancer networks confirmed the same differential molecular families already found, revealing metabolic diversity. Overall, this study provides the first report of variations induced by altitude in the chemical profile of bamboo species. The findings may possess fascinating active biological properties, thus offering an alternative use for bamboo.
Fatigue behavior of multilayer ceramic structures in traditional and reverse layering designs
(2023-01-01) Contreras, Lisseth Patricia Claudio ; Rodrigues, Camila Silva ; Zucuni, Camila Pauleski ; Valandro, Luiz Felipe ; Marocho, Susana Maria Salazar ; de Melo, Renata Marques ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) ; University of Mississippi Medical Center ; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)
Purpose: This study evaluated the fatigue failure load (FFL) and the number of cycles for fatigue failure (CFF) of traditional (porcelain layer up) and reversed (zirconia layer up) designs of porcelain-veneered zirconia samples prepared with heat-pressing or file-splitting techniques. Materials and Methods: Zirconia discs were prepared and veneered with heat-pressed or machined feldspathic ceramic. The bilayer discs were bonded onto a dentin-analog according to the bilayer technique and sample design: traditional heat-pressing (T-HP), reversed heat-pressing (R-HP), traditional file-splitting with fusion ceramic (T-FC), reversed file-splitting with fusion ceramic R-FC), traditional file-splitting with resin cement (T-RC), and reversed file-splitting with resin cement (R-RC). The fatigue tests were performed using the stepwise approach at 20 Hz, 10,000 cycles/step, step-size of 200 N starting at 600 N, and proceeding until failure detection or up to 2600 N if enduring. The failure modes (from radial and/or cone cracks) were analyzed in a stereomicroscope. Results: The reversed design decreased the FFL and CFF of bilayers prepared with heat-pressing and file-splitting with fusion ceramic. The T-HP and T-FC reached the highest results, which were statistically similar between them. The bilayers prepared by the file-splitting with resin cement (T-RC and R-RC) were similar to the R-FC and R-HP groups regarding FFL and CFF. Almost all reverse layering samples failed by radial cracks. Conclusions: The reverse layering design did not improve the fatigue behavior of porcelain veneered zirconia samples. The three bilayer techniques behaved similarly when used in the reversed design.
Combined effect of ambient temperature and solar radiation on maned sloths' behaviour and detectability
(2023-01-01) Lopes, Gabriel S. ; Cassano, Camila Righetto ; Mureb, Laila Santim ; Miranda, Flavia Regina ; Cruz-Neto, Ariovaldo P. ; Giné, Gastón Andrés Fernandez ; Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz ; Instituto de Pesquisa e Conservação de Tamanduás no Brasil ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Changes in ambient temperature and solar radiation may affect sloths' metabolic rate and body temperature, with consequent changes in activities, postures and microhabitat selection. Although the separate effect of temperature and solar radiation on sloth's behaviour have been previously studied, the combined effect of these climatic factors on behavioural aspects of sloths has never been systematically evaluated in field conditions. Here we evaluated the influence of hourly ambient temperature variation on maned sloth (Bradypus torquatus) activities, postures and tree crown positions, under sunny and cloudy conditions; and tested if any of the animal posture and position increase their exposure to human detection. We performed 350 h of visual observation on eight maned sloths, equipped with radio-backpacks, in northern Bahia, Brazil, recording their activities, and their resting postures and positions on tree crowns. We also recorded the time taken to visualize the sloths on 58 days to analyse if sloths' detection is affected by posture and position. Higher ambient temperature, within a range of 21–33°C, increased the sloths' activity levels in cloudy conditions but reduced their activity in sunny conditions. Increasing ambient temperature also reduced the frequency of huddled posture and increased the frequency of extended posture and permanence in the inner tree crown. Lastly, the postures and positions did not influence sloths' detectability. Thus, the direction of the temperature–activity relationship depends on climatic conditions (sunny/cloudy), and individuals rely on resting postures and positions to thermoregulate. The warmer and drier future climate, expected to occur in the northern Atlantic Forest, may impose change in the diurnal activity levels and postural pattern for this threatened species, leading maned sloths to reduce its activity on sunny and warmer days and adopting an extended posture.
Agreement between maternal self-report of birth-related information and medical records in Brazil: A comparison study between public, mixed, and private hospitals
(2023-01-01) Nakamura-Pereira, Marcos ; Takemoto, Maíra Libertad Soligo ; Bittencourt, Sônia Duarte de Azevedo ; Viellas, Elaine Fernandes ; do Carmo, Cléber Nascimento ; Schilithz, Arthur Orlando Corrêa ; Theme Filha, Mariza Miranda ; Leal, Maria do Carmo ; FIOCRUZ/RJ ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) ; INCA
Background: The study aims to assess agreement between data obtained from interviews with postpartum women and their health records about labor and birth characteristics, newborn care, and reasons for cesarean birth. Methods: The present study analyzes the Birth in Brazil study dataset, a nationwide hospital-based survey that included 23,894 postpartum women. Reliability was assessed using kappa coefficients and 95% confidence intervals. We also calculated the proportion of specific agreement: the observed proportion of positive agreement (Ppos) and the observed proportion of negative agreement (Pneg). Results: In terms of labor and birth characteristics, more significant discrepancies in prevalence were observed for fundal pressure (1.4%–42.6%), followed by amniotomy, and augmentation. All of these variables were reported more frequently by women. Reliability was nearly perfect only for mode of delivery (kappa 0.99–1.00, Ppos and Pneg >99.0%). Higher discrepancies in reasons for cesarean prevalence were observed for previous cesarean birth (CB) (3.9%–10.4%) and diabetes mellitus (0.5%–8.5%). Most kappa coefficients for CB reasons were moderate to substantial. Lower coefficients were seen for diabetes mellitus, induction failure, and prelabor rupture of membranes and Pneg was consistently higher than Ppos. Discussion: Our findings raise relevant questions about the quality of information shared with women during and after the process of care for labor and birth, as well as the information recorded in medical charts. Not having access to full information about their own health status at birth may impair women's health promotion behaviors or clear disclosure of risk factors in future interactions with the healthcare system.
DISREGARD OF LEGAL ENTITY AND ARBITRATION: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EXTENSION OF THE ARBITRATION CLAUSE TO NON-SIGNATORY PARTIES
(2021-01-01) de Carvalho, João Victor Carloni ; Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
This study aims to analyze the applicability of the disregard of legal entity in arbitration, based on theories regarding the extension of the arbitration clause to non-signatory parties. Instead of the part of the doctrine’s and the Brazilian’s Superior Court (STJ) positions, it is believed that it is not possible to use the theories of implied consent and group of companies, in order to justify the possibility of disregarding the principle of patrimonial separation in an arbitral proceeding.

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