A general treatment for the conductivity of electrolytes in the whole concentration range in aqueous and nonaqueous solutions

Despite the great importance of ion transport, most of the widely accepted models and theories are valid only in the not very practical limit of low concentrations. Aiming to extend the range of applicability to moderate concentrations, a number of modified models and equations (some approximate, some fundamented on different assumptions, and some just empirical) have been reported. In this work, a general treatment for the electrical conductivity of ionic solutions has been developed, considering the electrical conductivity as a transport phenomenon governed by dissipation and feedback. A general expression for the dependence of the specific conductivity on the solution viscosity (and indirectly on concentration), from which the whole conductivity curve can be obtained, has been derived. The validity of this general approach is demonstrated with experimental results taken from the literature for aqueous and nonaqueous solutions of electrolytes.