Eucalyptus pests

The area with plantations of trees of the genus Eucalyptus and Corymbia is of more than 20 million hectares in the world. In Brazil, those of the Eucalyptus genus occupy 77% of the total area of planted forests. These plantations are threatened by native and exotic pest insects, which can limit wood production if not managed properly. The purpose of this chapter is to introduce pest insects to Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. The main species are mentioned and the aspects of biology, injury, damage and monitoring, and control strategies described for the most important ones. Technologies, especially biological control, are discussed for the management of these pests. The management of eucalyptus pests in Brazil has contributed to reducing the problems with exotic pests in these crops.