Melhorias e perspectivas obtidas com o uso do Galileo no posicionamento GNSS em linhas de base longas

The last 50 years have been marked by the huge technological advances due to the economic, civil, and military needs of the world’s population. In the 70s, the appearance of the North American system called Navstar-GPS (Navigation System Using Timing And Ranging - Global Positioning System) was responsible for revolutionizing positioning and navigation methods. On the other hand, the government of the extinct Soviet Union developed a system competing with GPS, called GLONASS (Globalnaya Navigazionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema). As these systems were improved, other countries began to use them in highly relevant applications, such as air, sea and even land navigation, in addition to many other activities in which position knowledge is necessary. Over time, other countries began to invest many financial resources to develop and send their positioning satellites into orbit. Since March 2018, the constellation of the European Union, called “The Galileo System”, has become operative. Galileo is the first system developed primarily for civilian purposes. Despite being new compared to the American and Russian systems, the Galileo constellation is expected to provide a significant improvement in its positioning accuracy, providing greater security and quality in the results obtained. The present article aims to evaluate the gains and losses obtained considering the components of the coordinates in the local geodetic system, N (north), E (east and perpendicular to N) and U (normal to the reference ellipsoid), in relative positioning with long baselines in the Brazilian region, with the incorporation of the Galileo system in GNSS positioning. As a result, were obtained planialtimetric gains of up to 25%.