Exploring Sustainable Urban Planning: A Global Analysis with a Focus on Brazil

Rapid global urbanisation is driving the planning of sustainable cities, where more than half of the world’s population already resides in urban areas, with projections indicating that two-thirds will be living in these areas by 2050. This interdisciplinary study adheres to the principles of the circular economy, industrial symbiosis, and urban metabolism. A systematic literature review reveals a growing concern with sustainable practices in urban areas, highlighting their importance for collaboration and the matching of waste and resources. However, there is a significant gap in case studies or analyses in Brazil. Given the numerous technology parks within Brazilian territory, industrial symbiosis emerges as a key strategy to integrate industries into the urban environment, promoting waste reduction and fostering economic circularity, both globally and locally.