Caracterização genética do pintado Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), da Bacia Paraná-Paraguai, por marcadores moleculares do tipo microssatélite
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Data
2008-07-18
Autores
Benites, Celso [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O gênero Pseudoplatystoma pode ser encontrado nas principais bacias hidrográficas da América do Sul e é formado por algumas das espécies de maior porte da família Pimelodidae. O pintado, Pseuplatystoma corruscans, tem função ecológica muito importante em seu habitat, agindo como predador voraz. É espécie muito apreciada na pesca esportiva e atinge alto valor comercial, pela qualidade de sua carne, o que leva ao desenvolvimento de grandes esforços na elaboração de programas de reprodução em cultivo intensivo em escala industrial. Considerando que os microssatélites constituem um dos marcadores moleculares mais importantes e apropriados para o estudo de populações e visando a avaliação e preservação da variabilidade genética da espécie, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos testar esses marcadores moleculares e avaliar a estrutura e os níveis de diversidade genética das populações naturais do pintado. Foram coletadas nove populações de pintado pertencentes a rios tributários da Bacia do Paraguai, no Pantanal Mato-grossense e mais três populações da Bacia do Alto paraná. As amostras tiveram seu DNA total extraído usando a resina Chelex@. Sete primers microssatélites desenvolvidos para a espécie foram testados e utilizados nas análises. Os locos foram amplificados por PCR e submetidos à eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida a 6%. Posteriormente foram corados com nitrato de prata e fotodocumentados. O tamanho dos fragmentos foi estimado por comparação com o marcador Ladder de 10 bp (Invitrogen) por meio do programa computacional Kodak Digital Science lD. As análises populacionais foram realizadas através dos programas PopGen 1.32, Arlequin 3.11, GeneClass2.0 e Structure 2.2. Os locos microssatélites mostraram-se...
The genus Pseudoplatystoma can be found in ali major river basins of South America and is composed by some of the largest species of fish of the Pimelodidae. family The pintado, P. corruscans, has a very important ecological role in their habitat acting mainly as a voracious predator. This species is highly appreciated in sport fishing reaching high commercial value due the quality of their meat, which leads to the development of huge efforts in the preparation and development of breeding programs for enhancing juvenile production to meet the demand of the industrial scale. Whereas the microsatellites are one of the most usefull molecular markers for populations studies in order to evaluate and conserve the genetic variability of the species, this work aimed to use these molecular markers in evaluating the structure and levels of genetic diversity of natural populations of the pintado. Nine sample belonging to tributaries of the Paraguay River Basin in the Pantanal Region Mato Grosso and three from Parana River Basin were coleted. Total DNA was extracted using the resin Chelex @. Seven microsatellites primers developed for the species were used in the analyses. The loci were amplified by PCR and submitted to the 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Subsequently the gels were stained with silver nitrate and fotodocumented. The size of the fragments were estimated by comparison with the label Ladder of 10 bp (Invitrogen) by the computer program Kodak Digital Science 1D. The analyses were performed with softwares PopGen 1.32, Arlequin 3.11, GeneClass2.0 and Structure 2.2. The microsatellites locis have proved highly polymorphics with the identification of 119 allels (average of 17 per site). The observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.0370 to 0.9231. The populations showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for most of the loci, ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The genus Pseudoplatystoma can be found in ali major river basins of South America and is composed by some of the largest species of fish of the Pimelodidae. family The pintado, P. corruscans, has a very important ecological role in their habitat acting mainly as a voracious predator. This species is highly appreciated in sport fishing reaching high commercial value due the quality of their meat, which leads to the development of huge efforts in the preparation and development of breeding programs for enhancing juvenile production to meet the demand of the industrial scale. Whereas the microsatellites are one of the most usefull molecular markers for populations studies in order to evaluate and conserve the genetic variability of the species, this work aimed to use these molecular markers in evaluating the structure and levels of genetic diversity of natural populations of the pintado. Nine sample belonging to tributaries of the Paraguay River Basin in the Pantanal Region Mato Grosso and three from Parana River Basin were coleted. Total DNA was extracted using the resin Chelex @. Seven microsatellites primers developed for the species were used in the analyses. The loci were amplified by PCR and submitted to the 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Subsequently the gels were stained with silver nitrate and fotodocumented. The size of the fragments were estimated by comparison with the label Ladder of 10 bp (Invitrogen) by the computer program Kodak Digital Science 1D. The analyses were performed with softwares PopGen 1.32, Arlequin 3.11, GeneClass2.0 and Structure 2.2. The microsatellites locis have proved highly polymorphics with the identification of 119 allels (average of 17 per site). The observed heterozygosity (HO) ranged from 0.0370 to 0.9231. The populations showed significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) for most of the loci, ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Peixe - Conservação, Paraguai, Rio, Bacia, Parana, Rio, Bacia, Microssatélite, Estrutura genética - peixes, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, Paraguai-Paraná basins
Como citar
BENITES, Celso. Caracterização genética do pintado Pseudoplatystoma corruscans (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), da Bacia Paraná-Paraguai, por marcadores moleculares do tipo microssatélite. 2008. viii, 74 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aqüicultura, 2008.