Biodiesel de dendê, mamona e tucumã no desempenho de um trator agrícola na operação de preparo do solo
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Data
2012-08-31
Autores
Lima, Leomar Paulo de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A introdução do biodiesel na matriz energética do Brasil é motivada principalmente pela possibilidade de desenvolvimento econômico e social para o País, gerando emprego e renda, além dos benefícios ambientais decorrentes da substituição de recursos fósseis por renováveis. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar comparativamente desempenho operacional do trator agrícola em operação de preparo de solo e opacidade da fumaça em função da utilização de diferentes tipos de biodiesel. Também foi objeto deste trabalho medir opacidade da fumaça em função do período de amaciamento do motor e das condições do óleo lubrificante do cárter, cujos fatores estudados foram tipo de biodiesel e proporções de mistura biodiesel/diesel. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Engenharia Rural, da UNESP de Jaboticabal-SP, em parceria com o LADETEL da USP de Ribeirão Preto-SP. O tipo de biodiesel foi de dendê, mamona e tucumã, e as proporções de mistura de biodiesel com diesel foram B0, B5, B25, B50, B75 e B100 (em que o número indica a percentagem de biodiesel no diesel), o tempo de amaciamento do motor foi novo, 50 e 100 horas de trabalho, e as condições do óleo lubrificante do cárter foram 250 horas de trabalho e novo, utilizando proporções de biodiesel de dendê. Para comparar os tratamentos, foram avaliados consumo de combustível, força de tração na barra, velocidade real de deslocamento, patinagem das rodas, potência na barra de tração e opacidade da fumaça de combustão. Os resultados evidenciaram aumento no consumo específico a partir da mistura com 50% de biodiesel; entretanto, o tipo de biodiesel não influenciou no consumo. Com relação à opacidade da fumaça, houve redução com aumento das proporções de biodiesel, com o tipo de biodiesel influenciando, aumento no período de amaciamento do motor e quando se utilizou óleo lubrificante novo no cárter do motor do trator
The introduction of biodiesel in Brazil's energy matrix is motivated mainly by the possibility of economic and social development for the country, generating jobs and income, in addition to the environmental benefits of replacing fossil fuels for renewable ones. The present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the operating performance of the agricultural tractor in operation of soil preparing and smoke opacity due to the use of different types of biodiesel. It was also object of this work to measure the smoke opacity according to the engine softening period and carter lubricating oil conditions, in which the factors studied were type of biodiesel and mixing portions of biodiesel/diesel. The experiment was conducted in the Department of Agricultural Engineering, UNESP of Jaboticabal-SP, in partnership with the LADETEL the USP of Ribeirão Preto-SP. The type of biodiesel was palm, castor and tucumã, and the proportions of biodiesel blend with diesel were B0, B5, B25, B50, B75 and B100 (in which the number indicates the percentage of biodiesel in diesel), the time of engine softening was new, 50 and 100 hours of work, and the carter lubricating oil conditions were 250 hours of work and new, using proportions of biodiesel from palm oil. In order to compare the treatments were evaluated fuel consumption, bar traction power, real displacement speed, wheel slip, potential in traction bar and opacity of combustion smoke. The results showed an increase in specific consumption from the mixture of 50% biodiesel, however the type of biodiesel did not influence consumption. Regarding the smoke opacity, there was a decrease with increasing proportions of biodiesel, with the type of biodiesel influencing increase in engine softening period and when used lubricating oil in the new carter of tractor engine
The introduction of biodiesel in Brazil's energy matrix is motivated mainly by the possibility of economic and social development for the country, generating jobs and income, in addition to the environmental benefits of replacing fossil fuels for renewable ones. The present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the operating performance of the agricultural tractor in operation of soil preparing and smoke opacity due to the use of different types of biodiesel. It was also object of this work to measure the smoke opacity according to the engine softening period and carter lubricating oil conditions, in which the factors studied were type of biodiesel and mixing portions of biodiesel/diesel. The experiment was conducted in the Department of Agricultural Engineering, UNESP of Jaboticabal-SP, in partnership with the LADETEL the USP of Ribeirão Preto-SP. The type of biodiesel was palm, castor and tucumã, and the proportions of biodiesel blend with diesel were B0, B5, B25, B50, B75 and B100 (in which the number indicates the percentage of biodiesel in diesel), the time of engine softening was new, 50 and 100 hours of work, and the carter lubricating oil conditions were 250 hours of work and new, using proportions of biodiesel from palm oil. In order to compare the treatments were evaluated fuel consumption, bar traction power, real displacement speed, wheel slip, potential in traction bar and opacity of combustion smoke. The results showed an increase in specific consumption from the mixture of 50% biodiesel, however the type of biodiesel did not influence consumption. Regarding the smoke opacity, there was a decrease with increasing proportions of biodiesel, with the type of biodiesel influencing increase in engine softening period and when used lubricating oil in the new carter of tractor engine
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tratores agricolas, Biodiesel, Biocombustíveis, Fumaça, Solos - Preparo, Maquinas agricolas - Tração, Biomass energy
Como citar
LIMA, Leomar Paulo de. Biodiesel de dendê, mamona e tucumã no desempenho de um trator agrícola na operação de preparo do solo. 2012. ix, 119 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2012.