Plantas de cobertura e doses de nitrogênio em pré-semeadura em algodoeiro
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Data
2009-10-23
Autores
Ferrari, Samuel [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura e a manutenção da palhada, realizadas na semeadura direta, devem respectivamente, atender as necessidades da cultura e promover a conservação do solo. Dessa forma o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito da aplicação de nitrogênio em pré-semeadura do algodoeiro e das plantas de cobertura, implantadas em semeadura direta, sobre as propriedades físicas e químicas do solo e sobre o desenvolvimento e produtividade do algodoeiro. O delineamento experimental empregado foi o de blocos ao acaso composto por três plantas de cobertura (nabo forrageiro, aveia preta e aveia branca) e quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 30, 60, e 90 kg de N ha-1) aplicadas sobre a palhada do milheto e em pré-semeadura do algodoeiro. Aos 80 dias após a emergência do algodoeiro, nos anos agrícolas de 2006/07 e 2007/08 foram coletas folhas para a análise foliar dos macronutrientes. No mês de abril de 2006, abril de 2007 e abril de 2008 foram realizadas as colheitas das parcelas experimentais com a cultura do algodoeiro. Em maio de 2006 e maio de 2007 foram retiradas amostras de solo nas profundidades de 0-5, 5-10 e 10-20 cm com o intuito de analisar os nutrientes do solo e em agosto de 2006 e agosto de 2007 foram realizadas as análises físicas do solo para as profundidades de 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 e 45-60 cm. De acordo com os resultados obtidos verifica-se em função da utilização de sulfato de amônio em doses crescentes ocorreu diminuição do pH, Ca e do Mg em superfície do solo, assim como o aumento do Al+3 trocável e do teor de enxofre até 20 cm. A utilização do nabo forrageiro proporcionou aumento dos teores de K nas folhas do algodoeiro e a utilização de doses de N até 90 kg ha-1 em pré-semeadura proporcionaram aumento nos teores de N e S. O nabo forrageiro é uma planta de cobertura que proporciona aumento da produtividade do algodoeiro
The application of nitrogen and former crop residues maintenance, held in the till, must respectively meet the needs of culture and promote soil conservation.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen pre-sowing of cotton crop and cover crop, established in tillage on the physical and chemical properties of soil and cotton plant development and yield. The experimental design was a randomized block consisting of three cover crops (radish, white oat and black oat) and four nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha-1) applied to the millet and cotton pre-sowing. At 80 days after cotton emergence in season of 2006/07 and 2007/08 leaves were collected for macronutrients foliar analysis. In April 2006, April 2007 and April 2008 cotton crop plots were harvested. In May 2006 and May 2007 soil samples were taken from depths of 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm in order to analyze the soil nutrients and, in August 2006 and August 2007 were carried out the physical soil analysis to depths of 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm. The results obtained in depending on the use of ammonium sulphate in increasing doses, there was a decrease in pH, Ca and Mg in the surface soil, as well as the increase in exchangeable Al+3 and the sulfur content of up to 20 cm. The radish provides increased levels of K in leaves of cotton, and the use of doses N 90 kg ha-1 in presowing provided increased levels of N and S. The radish is a cover crop that provides yield increased. The cotton yield increased with the use of N 90 kg ha-1 in pre-sowing
The application of nitrogen and former crop residues maintenance, held in the till, must respectively meet the needs of culture and promote soil conservation.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen pre-sowing of cotton crop and cover crop, established in tillage on the physical and chemical properties of soil and cotton plant development and yield. The experimental design was a randomized block consisting of three cover crops (radish, white oat and black oat) and four nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha-1) applied to the millet and cotton pre-sowing. At 80 days after cotton emergence in season of 2006/07 and 2007/08 leaves were collected for macronutrients foliar analysis. In April 2006, April 2007 and April 2008 cotton crop plots were harvested. In May 2006 and May 2007 soil samples were taken from depths of 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm in order to analyze the soil nutrients and, in August 2006 and August 2007 were carried out the physical soil analysis to depths of 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm. The results obtained in depending on the use of ammonium sulphate in increasing doses, there was a decrease in pH, Ca and Mg in the surface soil, as well as the increase in exchangeable Al+3 and the sulfur content of up to 20 cm. The radish provides increased levels of K in leaves of cotton, and the use of doses N 90 kg ha-1 in presowing provided increased levels of N and S. The radish is a cover crop that provides yield increased. The cotton yield increased with the use of N 90 kg ha-1 in pre-sowing
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Algodão herbaceo, Fertilizantes nitrogenados, Cultivos de cobertura, Produtividade, Gossypium hirsutum, Ammonium sulfate, Cover crops and yield
Como citar
FERRARI, Samuel. Plantas de cobertura e doses de nitrogênio em pré-semeadura em algodoeiro. 2009.. 101 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2009..