Mito e Educação no Cotidiano Escolar
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Data
2008-07-22
Autores
Pechula, Marcia Reami [UNESP]
Ribeiro, Maria Augusta Hermengarda Wurthmann [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Quando falamos em mito, pensamos na origem das coisas; quando falamos em cotidiano, pensamos na atualidade de que se revestem essas coisas. No entanto, para entendermos, algumas vezes, expressões utilizadas pelo povo é preciso conhecer as narrativas que nos contam a origem do mundo onde habitamos. Assim, modernamente, podemos dizer que o mito sobrevive em calendários, na liturgia, em cerimônias oficiais, preso aos rituais que comandam tais ocorrências, nas sociedades avançadas em que o homem, curvado sob o peso do tecnicismo e da barbárie mecanicista, é subjugado pelo progresso feroz que o encurrala e o faz desempenhar o papel de aprendiz de feiticeiro. Assim, se ao mito, estão entrelaçadas as nossas falas atuais, deverá ele estar presente, também, na escola e nos conteúdos trabalhados por ela para que alunos e professores possam compreender e atualizar as relações estabelecidas, ao longo do tempo, entre os fatos históricos e as narrativas que os relatam. Com esse objetivo foi desenvolvido junto à Secretaria de Educação de Rio Claro, na escola “Sérgio Hernani Fittipaldi”, o Projeto “Narrar histórias, intercambiar experiências”, financiado pelo Núcleo de Ensino da UNESP. Foram onze encontros, nos quais foram apresentados aos professores do Ensino Fundamental a arte de contar histórias, forma de conhecimento de quem somos e de como nos relacionamos com nossos semelhantes e com o mundo à nossa volta. Ao enfocarmos o gênero ficção, demos destaque, na literatura infantil aos mitos e suas transposições para a narrativa literária. Dessa forma, a primeira parte deste artigo é constituída pelo enfoque ao campo conceitual sobre o mito. A segunda parte ilustra as criações literárias que retomam os mitos, como a obra infantil de Monteiro Lobato.
When we speak in myth, we think about the origin of the things; when we speak in daily life, we think about the present of which these things are covered. However, in order to understand, sometimes, expressions used by the people it is necessary to know the narratives that tell us the origin of the world where we live. So, in a modern way, we can say that the myth survives in calendars, in the liturgy, in official ceremonies, tied to the rituals that command such incidents, in the advanced societies in which the man bent under the tecnicism weight and of the mecanicist barbarity, is subjugated by the cruel progress that hems it in and makes it fulfill the paper of wizard's apprentice. So, if our current words are intertwined to the myth, this will also have to be present in the school and in the contents worked by it for what pupils and teachers could understand and update the established relations, along the time, between the historical facts and the narratives that report them. With this objective the Project “To narrate histories, to interchange experiences”, financed by UNESP Nucleus of Teaching, was developed in partnership with the Rio Claro General office of Education, in the school “Sérgio Hernani Fittipaldi”. There were eleven meetings, in which the art of counting histories, way of knowledge who we are and how we are connected with our similars and with the world around us, was presented to the teachers of Basic Education. While tackling the type fiction, we gave distinction, in the childlike literature, to the myths and its transpositions for the literary narrative. In this form, the first part of this article is constituted by the approach to the conceptual field about the myth. The second part illustrates the literary creations that retake the myths, like the childlike work of Monteiro Lobato.
When we speak in myth, we think about the origin of the things; when we speak in daily life, we think about the present of which these things are covered. However, in order to understand, sometimes, expressions used by the people it is necessary to know the narratives that tell us the origin of the world where we live. So, in a modern way, we can say that the myth survives in calendars, in the liturgy, in official ceremonies, tied to the rituals that command such incidents, in the advanced societies in which the man bent under the tecnicism weight and of the mecanicist barbarity, is subjugated by the cruel progress that hems it in and makes it fulfill the paper of wizard's apprentice. So, if our current words are intertwined to the myth, this will also have to be present in the school and in the contents worked by it for what pupils and teachers could understand and update the established relations, along the time, between the historical facts and the narratives that report them. With this objective the Project “To narrate histories, to interchange experiences”, financed by UNESP Nucleus of Teaching, was developed in partnership with the Rio Claro General office of Education, in the school “Sérgio Hernani Fittipaldi”. There were eleven meetings, in which the art of counting histories, way of knowledge who we are and how we are connected with our similars and with the world around us, was presented to the teachers of Basic Education. While tackling the type fiction, we gave distinction, in the childlike literature, to the myths and its transpositions for the literary narrative. In this form, the first part of this article is constituted by the approach to the conceptual field about the myth. The second part illustrates the literary creations that retake the myths, like the childlike work of Monteiro Lobato.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mito, literatura infantil, cotidiano escolar
Como citar
Educação: Teoria e Prática, v. 18, n. 30, 2008, p. 81.