Fatores de riscos associados à leishmaniose visceral canina na área de cinturão verde de Ilha Solteira, SP
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Data
2014-03-11
Autores
Spada, Julio Cesar Pereira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC) é uma zoonose parasitária causada pelo protozoário Leishmania infantum transmitido principalmente pela picada do vetor flebotomíneo da espécie Lutzomyia longipalpis. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência da LVC em cães, a distribuição de flebotomíneos e os fatores de riscos associados à doença, em uma área rural periurbana denominada por Cinturão Verde, localizada do município de Ilha Solteira, SP. Dessa forma, amostras de 250 cães, incluindo aspirados de linfonodos, de sangue e de suabe conjuntival foram coletadas para a realização dos exames parasitológico direto (PA), sorológico (ELISA e RIFI) e PCR (suabe conjuntival). A positividade dos cães para LVC foi de 31,6% (79/250) à RIFI, 28,8% (72/250) ao teste ELISA, 25,2% (63/250) ao PA e 20,4% (49/240) à PCR. A concordância entre os métodos, quando analisada pelo índice Kappa (p ? 0,05), foi considerada excelente entre ELISA x RIFI (94,5%), moderada entre ELISA x PA (81,7%) e entre RIFI x PA (78,3%), mas foi baixíssima entre PCR e os demais testes analisados. Os flebotomíneos da espécie Lu. longipalpis foram capturados com auxilio de armadilhas luminosas do tipo CDC (“Center for Disease Control and Prevention”), colocadas mensalmente no peridomicílio das propriedades rurais do Cinturão Verde, no período de setembro/2012 a agosto/2013, com três coletas em três dias consecutivos por mês. O numero de flebotomíneos capturados totalizou 65 machos e 25 fêmeas em 12 meses. O maior número de flebotomíneos capturados foi nos meses de dezembro/2012, fevereiro/2013, maio/2013 e julho/2013. Os fatores de riscos associados à LVC foram determinados estatisticamente pela análise univariada, os quais foram estatisticamente significativos (p ? 0,05) para os cães de porte grande, mostrando serem estes os mais susceptíveis à LVC, além da presença de galinhas nas propriedades ...
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by Leishmania infantum, which is transmitted by the bite of Phebotominae insect of the Lutzomyia longipalpis species (sandfly). This study aimed to survey the prevalence of CVL in dogs, the distribution of sand flies and the risk factors associated with the disease in a rural area called “Cinturão Verde”, located in the municipality of Ilha Solteira, SP. Thus, samples of lymph node aspirates and blood were collected from 250 dogs for ELISA and indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and direct parasitological (PA) exams. In addition, conjunctival swab samples were also collected for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). 79/250 (31.6%) dogs were positive by IFAT; 72/250 (28.8%) by ELISA; 63/250 (25.2%) by PA and 49/240 (20.4%) by PCR. The concordance of methods when statistically analysed two by two by the Kappa índexes (p ? 0.05) were considered of excellent agreement between ELISA and IFAT (94.5%), moderate between ELISA and PA (81.7%) and between IFAT and PA (78.3%), but when PCR was compared with the other tests, the agrrement indexes were very low. Lu. longipalpis were captured with the help of CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) light traps, placed three consecutive times per month in the rural peridomiciliary properties of the “Cinturão Verde”, from September/2012 to August/2013 in 100 % of the properties visited. The parasite density ranged from 01 to 12 per month including males and females, totaling 64 males and 25 females over 12 months. The largest number of insects captured was in December 2012, February/2013, May/2013 and July/2013. The univaried statistical analysis of risk factors associated with CVL revealed that the big size-dogs, the presence of chickens in the properties as well as the lack of knowledge by the rural population about the CVL disease were considered indicators to predict infection ...
Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) is a parasitic zoonosis caused by Leishmania infantum, which is transmitted by the bite of Phebotominae insect of the Lutzomyia longipalpis species (sandfly). This study aimed to survey the prevalence of CVL in dogs, the distribution of sand flies and the risk factors associated with the disease in a rural area called “Cinturão Verde”, located in the municipality of Ilha Solteira, SP. Thus, samples of lymph node aspirates and blood were collected from 250 dogs for ELISA and indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and direct parasitological (PA) exams. In addition, conjunctival swab samples were also collected for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). 79/250 (31.6%) dogs were positive by IFAT; 72/250 (28.8%) by ELISA; 63/250 (25.2%) by PA and 49/240 (20.4%) by PCR. The concordance of methods when statistically analysed two by two by the Kappa índexes (p ? 0.05) were considered of excellent agreement between ELISA and IFAT (94.5%), moderate between ELISA and PA (81.7%) and between IFAT and PA (78.3%), but when PCR was compared with the other tests, the agrrement indexes were very low. Lu. longipalpis were captured with the help of CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) light traps, placed three consecutive times per month in the rural peridomiciliary properties of the “Cinturão Verde”, from September/2012 to August/2013 in 100 % of the properties visited. The parasite density ranged from 01 to 12 per month including males and females, totaling 64 males and 25 females over 12 months. The largest number of insects captured was in December 2012, February/2013, May/2013 and July/2013. The univaried statistical analysis of risk factors associated with CVL revealed that the big size-dogs, the presence of chickens in the properties as well as the lack of knowledge by the rural population about the CVL disease were considered indicators to predict infection ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Zoonoses - Fatores de risco, Cão - Doenças - Ilha Solteira (SP), Psychodidae, Ensaio de imunoadsorção enzimática, Imunofluorescencia, Reação em cadeia de polimerase, Zoonoses - Risks factors
Como citar
SPADA, Julio Cesar Pereira. Fatores de riscos associados à leishmaniose visceral canina na área de cinturão verde de Ilha Solteira, SP. 2014. 106 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Engenharia, 2014.