Efeito de extratos de adubos verdes sobre Lactuca sativa e Digitaria horizontalis
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Data
2011-07-01
Autores
Erasmo, Eduardo Andrea Lemus
Azevedo, Waldeon Reis de
Costa, Neumárcio Vilanova da
Alves, Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Resumo
Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de extratos de quatro espécies de adubos verdes (Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria spectabilis, Mucuna aterrimae Sorghum bicolor cv. AG 2005) sobre a germinação de sementes e o crescimento inicial de plântulas deLactuca sativa e de Digitaria horizontalis. Foram realizados dois experimentos: no primeiro, avaliou-se a aplicação das soluções diluídas a 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% e10% de extratos aquosos da parte aérea e das raízes das espécies de adubos verdes sobre a germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e o comprimento radicular de L. sativa; no segundo, avaliou-se a incorporação ao solo de 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50 g dm-3 da biomassa dos adubos verdes sobre o acúmulo de massa seca (parte aérea e raízes) e o desenvolvimento radicular de plântulas de L. sativa e de D. horizontalis. Concluiu-se que os extratos aquosos das espécies C. ensiformis, C. spectabilis, M. aterrima e S. bicolor cv. AG 2005 promoveram efeitos negativos sobre a germinação e o IVG das sementes de L. sativa. A incorporação ao solo da biomassa dessas espécies de adubos verdes influenciou negativamente no desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas de L. sativa. Entretanto, verificou-se efeito positivo sobre o desenvolvimento inicial de D. horizontalis com a incorporação ao solo da biomassa de C. spectabilis.
This study aimed to evaluate the potential allelopathic effects of four species of green manure (Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria spectabilis, Mucuna aterrima and Sorghum bicolor cv. AG 2005) on the seed germination and initial growth of seedlings of Lactuca sativa and Digitaria horizontalis. In the first experiment, the effects of dilute solutions of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 10% of shoot and root aqueous extracts of green manure were evaluated on germination, speed of germination index (SGI) and root length of L. sativa. In the second experiment, the incorporation into the soil of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g dm-3 of biomass of green manure was evaluated on the accumulation of dry weight (shoots and roots) and root development of seedlings of L. sativa and D. horizontalis. In conclusion, the aqueous extracts of the species C. ensiformis, C. spectabilis, M. aterrima and S. bicolor cv. AG 2005 promoted negative allelopathic effects on seed germination and SGI of L. sativa. The incorporation into the soil of the biomass also negatively affected the initial development of seedlings of L. sativa. However, there were beneficial allelopathic effects on the early development of D. horizontalis with incorporation into the soil biomass of C. spectabilis.
This study aimed to evaluate the potential allelopathic effects of four species of green manure (Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria spectabilis, Mucuna aterrima and Sorghum bicolor cv. AG 2005) on the seed germination and initial growth of seedlings of Lactuca sativa and Digitaria horizontalis. In the first experiment, the effects of dilute solutions of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 10% of shoot and root aqueous extracts of green manure were evaluated on germination, speed of germination index (SGI) and root length of L. sativa. In the second experiment, the incorporation into the soil of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g dm-3 of biomass of green manure was evaluated on the accumulation of dry weight (shoots and roots) and root development of seedlings of L. sativa and D. horizontalis. In conclusion, the aqueous extracts of the species C. ensiformis, C. spectabilis, M. aterrima and S. bicolor cv. AG 2005 promoted negative allelopathic effects on seed germination and SGI of L. sativa. The incorporation into the soil of the biomass also negatively affected the initial development of seedlings of L. sativa. However, there were beneficial allelopathic effects on the early development of D. horizontalis with incorporation into the soil biomass of C. spectabilis.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fabaceae, Aaleloquímicos, Planta daninha, Germinação, Fabaceae, Allelochemicals, Weed, Germination
Como citar
Bragantia. Campinas: Instituto Agronômico, v. 70, n. 3, p. 529-537, 2011.