The azo dye Disperse Red 13 and its oxidation and reduction products showed mutagenic potential
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Data
2015
Autores
Chequer, Farah Maria Drumond
Lizier, Thiago Mescoloto [UNESP]
Felício, Rafael de
Zanoni, Maria Valnice Boldrin [UNESP]
Debonsi, Hosana Maria
Lopes, Norberto Peporine
Oliveira, Danielle Palma de
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ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Elsevier B. V.
Resumo
Common water pollutants, azo dyes and their degradation products have frequently shown toxicity, including carcinogenic and mutagenic effects, and can induce serious damage in aquatic organisms and humans. In the present study, the mutagenic potential of the azo dye Disperse Red 13 (DR13) was first evaluated using the Micronucleus Assay in human lymphocytes. Subsequently, in order to mimic hepatic biotransformation, controlled potential electrolysis was carried out with a DR13 solution using a Potentiostat/Galvanostat. In addition, a DR13 solution was oxidized using S9 (homogenate of rat liver cells). DR13 oxidation and the reduction products were identified using HPLC-DAD and GC/MS, and their mutagenic potential investigated by way of a Salmonella/microsome assay using TA98 and YG1041 strains, with no S9. The original azo dye DR13 induced chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes, and the respective oxidation and reduction products also showed mutagenic activity, as detected by the Salmonella/microsome assay. Furthermore sulfate 2-[(4-aminophenyl)ethylamino]-ethanol monohydrate, 2-chloro-4-nitro-benzamine, 4-nitro-benzamine and 2-(ethylphenylamine)-ethanol were identified as products of the DR13 reduction/oxidation reactions. Thus it was concluded that the contamination of water effluents with DR13 is a health risk not only due to the dye itself, but also due to the possibility of drinking contaminated water, considering the harmful compounds that can be produced after hepatic biotransformation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ames test, Azo dye, Biotransformation, Micronucleus assay, Mutagenicity
Como citar
Toxicology In Vitro : An International Journal Published In Association With Bibra, v. 29, n. 7, p. 1906-1915, 2015.