Diferentes doses de Triiodotironina (T3) aumentam a expressão gênica de leptina, adiponectina e TRα com o envolvimento da via fosfatidil inositol 3 quinase (PI3K) em adipócitos, 3T3-L1
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2016-02-29
Autores
Oliveira, Miriane de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os hormônios tireoidianos (HT) são essenciais para a sobrevivência, estando envolvidos nos processos de desenvolvimento, crescimento e metabolismo. As ações dos HT são distintas para diferentes órgãos alvos, e podem ocorrer por meio de seus receptores TRα e TRβ, ou por vias alternativas, as quais podem envolver a integrina αvβ3, as proteínas quinases ativadas por mitógenos (MAPK) e a fosfatidil inositol 3 quinase (PI3K). O tecido adiposo (TA) representa um importante alvo dos HT; produzem várias substâncias biologicamente ativas com diferentes funções fisiológicas, denominadas adipocinas, entre elas a leptina e adiponectina. A leptina é considerada um sinal adipostático ao cérebro e está envolvida na regulação do balanço energético. Adiponectina está envolvida em importantes efeitos metabólicos, como estimulação da oxidação de ácidos graxos, redução da gliconeogênese e aumento da termogênese. Vários estudos têm procurado relacionar a síntese de leptina e adiponectina com os HT; entretanto, os resultados obtidos são controversos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o envolvimento da via PI3K nos efeitos da triiodotironina (T3) sobre a expressão gênica de leptina, adiponectina e do TRα em cultura de adipócitos, 3T3-L1. Para isso utilizamos inibidor da via PI3K, LY294002 e inibidor da síntese proteica (ciclohexamida - CHX), para verificar se ação do T3 é direta ou indireta. Após a diferenciação das células 3T3-L1 elas foram incubadas por uma hora com T3 na presença ou ausência dos inibidores citados acima. Posteriormente ao período de tratamento foi realizada a análise de expressão gênica de mRNA (leptina, adiponectina e TRα) por RT- PCR e de proteina (leptina) pela técnica de Western Blot. Os resultados para leptina, assim como para TRα, demonstraram a ativação da via de sinalização PI3K para ação do T3 na expressão gênica desses genes, sendo que essa ação pode ser indireta ou direta, dependendo da dose de hormônio administrada. Em relação a adiponectina, a dose suprafisiológica de T3 (sem a ativação da via PI3K) ou desativação da via PI3K eleva os níveis dessa adipocina, e constatamos que a ação do T3, nessa dose, sobre os níveis de mRNA de adiponectina é indireta em adipócitos, 3T3-L1. Em resumo, durante uma hora de tratamento, diferentes doses de T3 aumentam os níveis de expressão das adipocinas, leptina e adiponectina, e do TRα em cultura celular de adipócitos, 3T3-L1, e a via de sinalização PI3K se faz importante para a ação do T3.
The thyroid hormones (HT) are essential for survival, being involved in the processes of development, growth and metabolism. Process actions are distinct for different organs, and may occur either directly through its receptors TRα and TRβ, or indirectly through alternative pathways, which may involve integrin αvβ3, the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) or phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K). Adipose tissue (TA) is an important target of HT; it produces various biologically active substances with different physiological functions, called adipokines, including leptin and adiponectin. Leptin is considered an adipostatic signal to the brain and is involved in the regulation of energy balance. Adiponectin is involved in important metabolic effects, such as stimulating fatty acid oxidation, reducing gluconeogenesis and increasing thermogenesis. Several studies have sought to relate the leptin and adiponectin synthesis with HT, however the results are controversial. The present study aimed to examine the effects of triiodothyronine (T3), on the modulation of leptin, adiponectin and TRα expression and the involvement of the PI3K signaling pathway in adipocytes, 3T3-L1, cell culture. Will be used pathway inhibitors PI3K, LY294002, and protein synthesis inhibitors (cycloheximide - CHX), to examine whether directly or indirectly T3 action. After the differentiation of the cells 3T3-L1 will be incubated by one hour with T3 in the presence or absence of the inhibitors mentioned above. After hormone treatment was measured the of leptin, adiponectin and TRα gene expression using RT-PCR in real time, it was also assessed the expression of leptin by Western blot. The results to leptin, as well as TRα, demonstrated that the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway has a role in TH-mediated direct or indirect gene expression, depending on the dose administered. Regarding adiponectin, T3 supraphysiological dose (without activation of the PI3K pathway) or deactivation of the PI3K pathway raises the levels of this adipokine in adipocytes, 3T3-L1. In summary, during an hour of treatment, different doses of T3 increase of adipokines levels of expression, leptin and adiponectin, and TRα in cell culture of adipocytes 3T3-L1 and PI3K signaling pathway becomes important for action T3.
The thyroid hormones (HT) are essential for survival, being involved in the processes of development, growth and metabolism. Process actions are distinct for different organs, and may occur either directly through its receptors TRα and TRβ, or indirectly through alternative pathways, which may involve integrin αvβ3, the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) or phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K). Adipose tissue (TA) is an important target of HT; it produces various biologically active substances with different physiological functions, called adipokines, including leptin and adiponectin. Leptin is considered an adipostatic signal to the brain and is involved in the regulation of energy balance. Adiponectin is involved in important metabolic effects, such as stimulating fatty acid oxidation, reducing gluconeogenesis and increasing thermogenesis. Several studies have sought to relate the leptin and adiponectin synthesis with HT, however the results are controversial. The present study aimed to examine the effects of triiodothyronine (T3), on the modulation of leptin, adiponectin and TRα expression and the involvement of the PI3K signaling pathway in adipocytes, 3T3-L1, cell culture. Will be used pathway inhibitors PI3K, LY294002, and protein synthesis inhibitors (cycloheximide - CHX), to examine whether directly or indirectly T3 action. After the differentiation of the cells 3T3-L1 will be incubated by one hour with T3 in the presence or absence of the inhibitors mentioned above. After hormone treatment was measured the of leptin, adiponectin and TRα gene expression using RT-PCR in real time, it was also assessed the expression of leptin by Western blot. The results to leptin, as well as TRα, demonstrated that the activation of the PI3K signaling pathway has a role in TH-mediated direct or indirect gene expression, depending on the dose administered. Regarding adiponectin, T3 supraphysiological dose (without activation of the PI3K pathway) or deactivation of the PI3K pathway raises the levels of this adipokine in adipocytes, 3T3-L1. In summary, during an hour of treatment, different doses of T3 increase of adipokines levels of expression, leptin and adiponectin, and TRα in cell culture of adipocytes 3T3-L1 and PI3K signaling pathway becomes important for action T3.
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Palavras-chave
Leptina, Adiponectina, Adipócitos, Triiodotironina, TRα, PI3K, Leptin, Adiponectin, Adipocytes, Triiodothironine