Investigação dos compostos biativos em tomates (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) após o processamento térmico
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Data
2016-03-23
Autores
Vieira, Marizete Cavalcante de Souza [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o impacto de duas formas de processamento térmico (cozimento por fervura em panela e por micro-ondas), associado a presença ou ausência da casca e sementes, no conteúdo de compostos bioativos (vitamina C, carotenoides, compostos fenólicos, flavonoides, poliaminas). O experimento foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental de São Manuel – Botucatu - São Paulo em ambiente protegido. Após a colheita, os frutos foram transportados para o Laboratório de Bioquímica Vegetal, higienizados e submetidos aos tratamentos de cocções em fervura (panela convencional) e micro-ondas durante os tempos de 5, 10, 20 e 40 minutos. Os frutos foram processados com pele e com sementes; sem pele e sem sementes. Foram avaliados pH, acidez titulavel, sólidos solúveis, ácido ascórbico e dehidroascórbico, fenóis totais, flavonoides totais, atividade antioxidante pelo método de DPPH e FRAP e poliaminas. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com esquema fatorial 5x 2 x 2, utilizando o Teste de Scott-Knott (p˂0,05). Foi observada diferença significativa para os fatores avaliados, bem como para sua interação. De forma geral, o purê de tomate cozido na fervura em panela por 40 minutos pode ser mais rentável para o aumento dos compostos bioativos, como atividade antioxidante total, vitamina C, compostos fenólicos, carotenoides, acidez, sólidos solúveis. O consumo do tomate com a pele e a semente apresentaram variações em relação aos compostos bioativos, que pode afirmar que o uso do tomate inteiro contém teores mais elevados destes compostos com atividade antioxidante.
The aim of this study was to compare the impact of two forms of thermal processing (cooking by boiling in pan and microwave), associated with the presence or absence of skin and seeds, in the content of bioactive compounds (vitamin C, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and polyamines).The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of São Manuel – Botucatu/São Paulo in a protected environment. After the harvest, the fruits were transported to the Laboratory of Biochemical Plant, sanitized and submitted to treatments: cooking in boiling (conventional pan) and microwave during the times 5, 10, 20 and 40 minutes. The fruits were processed with skin and seeds; without skin and seeds. The pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid, total phenols, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP methodand polyamines were evaluated. The design was completely randomized with factorial 5 x 2 x 2 using the Scott-Knott test (p˂0.05). Significant difference was observed for the factors evaluated, as well as their interaction. In general, the cooked tomato puree at the boil for 40 minutes in the pan can be more profitable for the increase of bioactive compounds such as total antioxidant activity, vitamin C, phenolics compounds, carotenoids, acidity, soluble solids. The use of tomato with skin and seed present variations in relation to bioactive compounds that can say that the whole tomato consumption contains higher levels of these compounds with antioxidant activity.
The aim of this study was to compare the impact of two forms of thermal processing (cooking by boiling in pan and microwave), associated with the presence or absence of skin and seeds, in the content of bioactive compounds (vitamin C, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and polyamines).The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of São Manuel – Botucatu/São Paulo in a protected environment. After the harvest, the fruits were transported to the Laboratory of Biochemical Plant, sanitized and submitted to treatments: cooking in boiling (conventional pan) and microwave during the times 5, 10, 20 and 40 minutes. The fruits were processed with skin and seeds; without skin and seeds. The pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid, total phenols, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity by DPPH and FRAP methodand polyamines were evaluated. The design was completely randomized with factorial 5 x 2 x 2 using the Scott-Knott test (p˂0.05). Significant difference was observed for the factors evaluated, as well as their interaction. In general, the cooked tomato puree at the boil for 40 minutes in the pan can be more profitable for the increase of bioactive compounds such as total antioxidant activity, vitamin C, phenolics compounds, carotenoids, acidity, soluble solids. The use of tomato with skin and seed present variations in relation to bioactive compounds that can say that the whole tomato consumption contains higher levels of these compounds with antioxidant activity.
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Palavras-chave
Solanum lycopersicum L., Hortaliça-fruto, Atividade antioxidante, Cocção, Vegetable, Fruit, Antioxidant activity, Cooking