Futebol brasileiro na atualidade: história, cultura e profissionalização
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Data
2016-05-20
Autores
Riviti, Thiago Garcia [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi levantar questões sobre o futebol profissional brasileiro e a sociedade contemporânea, com base na análise dos processos de profissionalização do esporte no Brasil e da sociedade sob seus diversos prismas, como a Indústria Cultural, a Sociedade de Consumo e a Sociedade do Trabalho; de modo a compreender melhor o futebol brasileiro e suas relações com a sociedade e seus praticantes. Assim, primeiramente, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica e levantamento de dados publicados nos portais especializados em conteúdo esportivo, bem como material jornalístico; em seguida, procedeu-se à análise dos dados à luz da Sociologia do Esporte e da Psicossociologia. Valendo-se da história da profissionalização do esporte na Inglaterra (onde o futebol moderno se constituiu) e no Brasil, foram apresentadas as semelhanças e diferenças dos fundamentos da organização e regulamentação do futebol nos dois países, por parte das Federações. Esta análise comparativa permitiu perceber que estes fatores influenciam diretamente nos resultados obtidos pelos clubes, comercial e esportivamente. Compreender a gênese profissional do futebol brasileiro também permitiu analisar a sua organização de modo a elaborar definições sobre como o futebol brasileiro se apresenta em relação ao mundial e, assim, compreender a sua importância comercial, em especial para a mídia esportiva. Esta relação mídia-esporte é a principal responsável pela manutenção do futebol como aspiração profissional para milhares de brasileiros e pela mitificação dos jogadores profissionais, transformados em verdadeiros heróis modernos, a partir dos anos 1960. Como resultado, o marketing esportivo é o principal motor da monetarização do futebol. Assim como no mundo corporativo, no esporte, as instituições buscam impor aos seus trabalhadores a ilusão do possível, da ausência de limites. O ideal esportivo surge nas organizações estabelecendo competições entre seus colaboradores, bem como no marketing, nas estratégias para capturar consumidores e vender produtos ligados ao esporte. As transformações ocorridas na Sociedade a partir dos anos 1980, que trouxeram o trabalho para o centro das relações sociais no final do século XX e início do XXI estão se alterando rapidamente. Cabe às instituições esportivas se adaptar. Nessa perspectiva, se faz necessário um novo modo de pensar o futebol, partindo de sua organização. Este estudo apresentou, também, as relações entre sociedade contemporânea, cultura e profissionalização no futebol, de modo que se espera contribuir para o levantamento de possibilidades de gestão profissional no futebol, buscando, assim, caminhos para a profissionalização de fato, única solução possível para a evolução do esporte no Brasil.
The main objective of the research was to raise questions about the brazilian professional football and contemporary society, from the analysis of the sport’s professionalization process in Brazil and the company under its various prisms, as the culture industry, the Society of Consumption and Labour Society, in order to better understand the brazilian football and its relations with society and its practitioners. Therefore, first we conducted a literature review and survey data published in specialized portals in sports content, as well as journalistic material in order to proceed our analysis into the light of sociology of sport and psychosociology. From the history of sport´s professionalization in England (where the modern game was formed) and in Brazil, similarities and differences of the organization’s foundations and regulation of football in both countries by the federations were presented. That analisys of both organizations, allowed to realize that these factors directly influence the results by the clubs, commercial and sportily. Understanding the genesis of professional brazilian football has allowed us to analyze its organization in order to prepare definitions of how the brazilian football is presented in relation to the world and thus understand its commercial importance, especially for the sports media. This sports-media relationship is the main responsible for the maintenance of football as a professional aspiration for thousands of brazilians and the mystification of the professional players, transformed into true modern heroes from the 1960s. As a result, sports marketing is the main engine of monetization of football. As in the corporate world, in sports institutions seek to impose on their workers the illusion of the possible, the absence of limits. The sporting ideal arises in organizations establishing competition among its employees, as well as in marketing, strategies to capture customers and sell products related to sports. The transformations in the society from the 1980s, which brought the work to the center of social relations in the late twentieth century and early twenty-first are changing quickly. It is for the sports institutions to adapt. So new way of thinking is necessary in football from your organization. The analysis also showed the relationship between contemporary society, culture and professionalism in football, in order to contribute to the raising of professional management opportunities in football, and seeking ways to professionalize in fact, only possible solution to the evolution of the sport in Brazil.
The main objective of the research was to raise questions about the brazilian professional football and contemporary society, from the analysis of the sport’s professionalization process in Brazil and the company under its various prisms, as the culture industry, the Society of Consumption and Labour Society, in order to better understand the brazilian football and its relations with society and its practitioners. Therefore, first we conducted a literature review and survey data published in specialized portals in sports content, as well as journalistic material in order to proceed our analysis into the light of sociology of sport and psychosociology. From the history of sport´s professionalization in England (where the modern game was formed) and in Brazil, similarities and differences of the organization’s foundations and regulation of football in both countries by the federations were presented. That analisys of both organizations, allowed to realize that these factors directly influence the results by the clubs, commercial and sportily. Understanding the genesis of professional brazilian football has allowed us to analyze its organization in order to prepare definitions of how the brazilian football is presented in relation to the world and thus understand its commercial importance, especially for the sports media. This sports-media relationship is the main responsible for the maintenance of football as a professional aspiration for thousands of brazilians and the mystification of the professional players, transformed into true modern heroes from the 1960s. As a result, sports marketing is the main engine of monetization of football. As in the corporate world, in sports institutions seek to impose on their workers the illusion of the possible, the absence of limits. The sporting ideal arises in organizations establishing competition among its employees, as well as in marketing, strategies to capture customers and sell products related to sports. The transformations in the society from the 1980s, which brought the work to the center of social relations in the late twentieth century and early twenty-first are changing quickly. It is for the sports institutions to adapt. So new way of thinking is necessary in football from your organization. The analysis also showed the relationship between contemporary society, culture and professionalism in football, in order to contribute to the raising of professional management opportunities in football, and seeking ways to professionalize in fact, only possible solution to the evolution of the sport in Brazil.
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Palavras-chave
Futebol, Sociologia, Psicossociologia, Sociedade contemporânea, Football, Sociology, Psychosociology, Contemporary society