Characterization of corn inbred lines for disease resistance
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2017-03-03
Autores
Saito, Belisa Cristina [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O milho é uma das culturas mais extensamente cultivadas em todo mundo. A incidência e a severidade de doenças têm aumentado significativamente nos últimos anos acarretando perdas no rendimento e afetando a qualidade dos grãos. Muitos trabalhos têm sido desenvolvidos na tentativa de identificar híbridos resistentes às principais doenças que acometem a cultura do milho, mas poucos são os relatos de estudos com linhagens. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi: 1) identificar linhagens resistentes e susceptíveis com base na área abaixo da curva de progresso de doenças (AACPD) para os sintomas de ferrugem tropical (TR), ferrugem polissora (SR), cercosporiose (GLS), helmintosporiose (NLB), mancha marrom (PBS) e mancha branca (PLS); 2) identificar linhagens resistentes e suscetíveis com base nos parâmetros de adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica para os sintomas de cercosporiose, helmintosporiose, mancha marrom e mancha branca; 3) identificar as melhores datas de semeadura, com a maior ocorrência das doenças, para fins de avaliação de linhagens e outros genótipos para resistência. Cinquenta linhagens, derivadas de populações com grãos flint e dent, foram avaliadas em blocos casualizados com três repetições, aos 45, 60, 75 e 90 dias após a semeadura em duas épocas, para medição da AACPD. Para a análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade, 41 linhagens foram avaliadas em blocos casualizados com três repetições, 30 dias após o florescimento feminino, em onze épocas de semeadura, usando o método de análise de regressão. Foram atribuídas notas de 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 e 9 correspondendo a 0, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80 e > 80% de área foliar com sintomas de doença. Para a AACPD, a análise de variância conjunta foi significativa para TR, SR, GLS e PLS e a interação linhagens x épocas foi significativa para ferrugem tropical e polissora. Para GLS e NLB as 41 linhagens foram classificadas como resistentes, sendo que as maiores severidades de doenças ocorreram nas semeaduras entre Junho e Setembro. As linhagens IVF1-3, IVF1-7, IVF1 -9, IVF1-10, IVF1 -11, IVF1 -25, IVF1-230, IVD1-2, IVD1 -2-1, IVD1-3, IVD1-9, IVD1 -12, 2F, 3F, 6F, 9F, 10F, 4C, 2D e 7D foram classificadas como resistentes para as doenças estudadas, sendo indicadas para o desenvolvimento de sintéticos. Para a mancha marrom e mancha branca, as semeaduras de Abril, Junho, Julho e Agosto apresentaram maiores severidades de doenças. As linhagens IVD1-9, IVD1-10, 7D, 10D e 2F podem ser indicadas no desenvolvimento de sintéticos resistentes.
Corn is one of the most widely cultivated crops in the worldwide. The incidence and severity of diseases affecting crops have increased significantly in the past years, leading to yield losses and affecting grain quality. Many studies have been carried out with the attempt to identify hybrids that are resistant to the main diseases, but few reports have studied inbred lines. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: 1) identify resistant and susceptible inbred lines based on the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) for tropical rust, southern rust, gray leaf spot, northern leaf blight, physoderma brown spot and phaeosphaeria leaf spot; 2) identify resistant and susceptible inbred lines based on adaptability and stability parameters for symptoms of gray leaf spot (GLS), northern leaf blight (NLB), physoderma brown spot (PBS) and phaeosphaeria leaf spot (PLS); 3) identify the best planting dates, with the highest occurrence of diseases, for the purpose of evaluating inbred lines and other genotypes for resistance. For AUDPC, fifty inbred lines, derived from populations with flint and dent grains, were evaluated in randomized block designs with three replications, at 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after planting in two seasons. For the analysis of adaptability and stability, forty-one inbred lines were evaluated in randomized blocks with three replications, 30 days after silking, in eleven planting dates, using regression analysis method. The scale of scores from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 corresponding to 0, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80 and > 80% of leaf area with disease symptoms was used. For AUDPC, the joint analysis of variance was significant for TR, SR, GLS and PLS, while the interaction inbred lines x environments, was significant for TR and SR. For GLS and NLB, forty-one inbred lines were classified as resistant and the highest severities of diseases occurred in planting dates between June and September. The inbred lines IVF1-3, IVF1-7, IVF1 -9, IVF1-10, IVF1 -11, IVF1 -25, IVF1-230, IVD1-2, IVD1 -2-1, IVD1-3, IVD1-9, IVD1 -12, 2F, 3F, 6F, 9F, 10F, 4C, 2D and 7D were classified as resistant to the diseases studied and are indicated to produce synthetics. For PBS and PLS, the plating dates of April, June, July and August showed higher disease severity. The inbred lines IVD1-9, IVD1-10, 7D,10D and 2F may be indicated to produce synthetics.
Corn is one of the most widely cultivated crops in the worldwide. The incidence and severity of diseases affecting crops have increased significantly in the past years, leading to yield losses and affecting grain quality. Many studies have been carried out with the attempt to identify hybrids that are resistant to the main diseases, but few reports have studied inbred lines. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: 1) identify resistant and susceptible inbred lines based on the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) for tropical rust, southern rust, gray leaf spot, northern leaf blight, physoderma brown spot and phaeosphaeria leaf spot; 2) identify resistant and susceptible inbred lines based on adaptability and stability parameters for symptoms of gray leaf spot (GLS), northern leaf blight (NLB), physoderma brown spot (PBS) and phaeosphaeria leaf spot (PLS); 3) identify the best planting dates, with the highest occurrence of diseases, for the purpose of evaluating inbred lines and other genotypes for resistance. For AUDPC, fifty inbred lines, derived from populations with flint and dent grains, were evaluated in randomized block designs with three replications, at 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after planting in two seasons. For the analysis of adaptability and stability, forty-one inbred lines were evaluated in randomized blocks with three replications, 30 days after silking, in eleven planting dates, using regression analysis method. The scale of scores from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 corresponding to 0, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80 and > 80% of leaf area with disease symptoms was used. For AUDPC, the joint analysis of variance was significant for TR, SR, GLS and PLS, while the interaction inbred lines x environments, was significant for TR and SR. For GLS and NLB, forty-one inbred lines were classified as resistant and the highest severities of diseases occurred in planting dates between June and September. The inbred lines IVF1-3, IVF1-7, IVF1 -9, IVF1-10, IVF1 -11, IVF1 -25, IVF1-230, IVD1-2, IVD1 -2-1, IVD1-3, IVD1-9, IVD1 -12, 2F, 3F, 6F, 9F, 10F, 4C, 2D and 7D were classified as resistant to the diseases studied and are indicated to produce synthetics. For PBS and PLS, the plating dates of April, June, July and August showed higher disease severity. The inbred lines IVD1-9, IVD1-10, 7D,10D and 2F may be indicated to produce synthetics.
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Palavras-chave
Ferrugem, Cercosporiose, Helmintosporiose, Mancha branca, Mancha marrom, Rust, Gray leaf spot, Northern leaf blight, Physoderma brown spot, Phaeosphaeria leaf spot