Bioprospecção do fungo endofítico Microascus intricatus associado à alga marinha Asparagopsis taxiformis: investigação química e avaliação do potencial farmacológico
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Data
2017-03-08
Autores
Pereira, Erika Thalyta Veras [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Sabe-se que os fungos exercem importantes papéis no cotidiano, sendo utilizados na produção de alimentos fermentados e de enzimas de interesse industrial, em processos de biodegradação e tratamento biológico de efluentes, além de auxiliar na agricultura como parte do corpo de decompositores, e ainda na defesa e crescimento de plantas em que vivem em simbiose. Adicionalmente, nos últimos anos, as pesquisas com fungos e outros micro-organismos têm-se intensificado pelo surgimento de evidências crescentes de seu potencial como fonte de substâncias bioativas para o desenvolvimento de agentes terapêuticos, como as penicilinas e cefalosporinas – antibióticos, a mevastatina e lovastatina - redutores de colesterol, ciclosporina e rapamicina-imunossupressores, entre outros. Muitos fungos endofíticos possuem potencial farmacológico, demonstrando atividades como citotóxica, antibacteriana, anticolinesterásica, antifúngica, antiplasmódica, entre outras. Além de indicarem ser fonte de uma grande variedade de novos metabólitos secundários, decorrente de sua quimiodiversidade marcante. Este contexto levou à investigação de uma linhagem fúngica isolada da alga marinha Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan, identificada como Microascus intricatus. O cultivo desta linhagem em meio PDB por 28 dias, 65 frascos de Erlenmeyer forneceu o extrato AT-07, que foi submetido a partição com acetato de etila. As frações AT-07 F3, AT-07 F4 e AT-07 F6 foram submetidas a procedimentos cromatográficos e levou ao isolamento de produtos naturais pertencentes às classes das dicetopiperazinas e uma isoflavona. As substâncias isoladas foram identificadas como ciclo-(Pro-Tir), ciclo-(Pro-Phe), ciclo-(Phe-Phe) e daidzeína com base em seus dados espectrométricos e espectroscópicos, como EM, RMN, IV DC e UV. Estes resultados contribuem para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa na área de Produtos Naturais de micro-organismos marinhos, com destaque para a pesquisa de bioprospecção visando a descoberta de novos agentes terapêuticos, e realçam, ainda, a importância das relações ecológicas e da preservação de ambientes mari-nhos, pois são locais de grande biodiversidade tanto biológica como química.
Fungi play important roles in our daily life as in the production of fermented food and enzymes for industrial applications, biodegradation processes and biological treatment of effluents, in addition to its roles in agriculture, enhancing decomposition, and defense and growth of plants living in symbiosis.Research involving fungi and other microorganisms has been intensified in the last decades owing to growing evidence of their potential as important sources of novel bioactive compounds for the development of therapeutic agents as penicillins, cephalosporins (antibiotics), mevastatin and lovastatin (cholesterol lowering agents), cyclosporine and rapamycin (immunosuppressors), among others.Several endophytic fungal strains exhibit pharmacological potential as cytotoxic, antibacterial, anticholinesterase antifungal, antiplasmodial activities, which has been markedly associated to the huge chemodiversity of their secondary metabolites.Such context prompted us to investigate one fungal strain isolated from marine red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan, which has been identified as Microascus intricatus.Cultivation of the fungal strain in PDB media for 28 days, Erlenmeyr flasks yielded extract AT-07 partition with etoac extract which was submitted to chromatographic procedures and led to the isolation of natural products belonging to diketopiperazines classes and one isoflavone.The isolated compounds were identified as cyclo-(Pro-Tir), cyclo-(ProPhe), cyclo-(Phe-Phe) and daidzein based on their spectrometric and spectroscopic data, mainly MS, NMR, IR, CD and UV.Such results contribute to the development of research on marine microorganisms natural products, including the discovery of novel therapeutic agents, in addition to the importance of their ecological roles and preservation of marine environment, as they host a huge diversity both regarding biological and chemical aspects.
Fungi play important roles in our daily life as in the production of fermented food and enzymes for industrial applications, biodegradation processes and biological treatment of effluents, in addition to its roles in agriculture, enhancing decomposition, and defense and growth of plants living in symbiosis.Research involving fungi and other microorganisms has been intensified in the last decades owing to growing evidence of their potential as important sources of novel bioactive compounds for the development of therapeutic agents as penicillins, cephalosporins (antibiotics), mevastatin and lovastatin (cholesterol lowering agents), cyclosporine and rapamycin (immunosuppressors), among others.Several endophytic fungal strains exhibit pharmacological potential as cytotoxic, antibacterial, anticholinesterase antifungal, antiplasmodial activities, which has been markedly associated to the huge chemodiversity of their secondary metabolites.Such context prompted us to investigate one fungal strain isolated from marine red alga Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan, which has been identified as Microascus intricatus.Cultivation of the fungal strain in PDB media for 28 days, Erlenmeyr flasks yielded extract AT-07 partition with etoac extract which was submitted to chromatographic procedures and led to the isolation of natural products belonging to diketopiperazines classes and one isoflavone.The isolated compounds were identified as cyclo-(Pro-Tir), cyclo-(ProPhe), cyclo-(Phe-Phe) and daidzein based on their spectrometric and spectroscopic data, mainly MS, NMR, IR, CD and UV.Such results contribute to the development of research on marine microorganisms natural products, including the discovery of novel therapeutic agents, in addition to the importance of their ecological roles and preservation of marine environment, as they host a huge diversity both regarding biological and chemical aspects.
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Palavras-chave
Fungos, Dicetopiperazina, Microascus intricatus