Fotocatálise heterogênea em substratos de titânio tratados por oxidação eletrolítica assistida a plasma
Data
2017-08-16
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A fotocatálise heterogênea utilizando óxido de titânio tem se mostrado promissora na degradação de poluentes orgânicos. Neste contexto, a oxidação eletrolítica assistida por plasma (do inglês, Plasma electrolytic oxidation – PEO) é um método bastante compatível por possibilitar a formação de superfícies fotocatalíticas com porosidade e com composição química controladas. Neste trabalho, a oxidação por PEO foi utilizada na geração de superfícies porosas em um substrato de titânio, usando uma solução eletrolítica contendo 5 ou 10 g/L de oxalato amoniacal de nióbio, com a finalidade de incorporar nióbio às superfícies de óxido de titânio, visando de aumentar sua atividade fotocatalítica sob luz visível. No processo de PEO foram utilizadas as tensões de 500 e 600 V, com frequência fixada em 60 Hz e tempo de tratamento variando de 60 a 600 s. As morfologias, topografias superficiais e estruturas cristalinas das amostras foram analisadas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), microscopia de força atômica (AFM) e difração de raios X (DRX), respectivamente. Energia dispersiva de raios X (EDS) foram empregadas para determinação de estrutura cristalina e composição química, respectivamente. O gap óptico das amostras foi determinado a partir de espectros de reflexão na região do ultravioleta visível (UV-Vis). Rugosidade foi determinada por perfilometria e um goniômetro automatizado foi usado para determinação do ângulo de contato e energia de superfície. A atividade fotocatalítica foi avaliada a partir da degradação de azul de metileno. A amostra que apresentou a melhor atividade fotocatalítica foi a produzida usando 500 V, 600 s e 10 g/L, a qual resultou na degradação de 70% de azul de metileno após 120 min sob irradiação com uma lâmpada de luz ultravioleta.
Heterogeneous photocatalysis using titanium oxide has shown to be promising in degradation of organic pollutants, reducing their toxicity and allowing them to be degraded by the environment. In this context, Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) is a very interesting method because it allows the formation of photocatalytic surfaces with controlled porosity and chemical composition. In this work, PEO oxidation was used for the generation of porous surfaces of titanium substrates, using an electrolytic solution containing 5 or 10 g / L of niobium ammonium oxalate, with the purpose of incorporating niobium to titanium oxides, aiming the enhance of its photocatalytic activity under visible light. In the PEO process, voltages of 500 and 600 V were used, with a frequency set at 60 Hz and treatment time ranging from 60 to 600 s. The samples surface morphologies; topography and crystallographic structure were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) have been employed for crystallographic structure and chemical composition evaluations, respectively. The optical gap of the samples was determined from reflection spectra in the visible ultraviolet region (UV-Vis). Roughness was determined by profilometry and an automated goniometer was used for contact angle and surface energy measurements. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated from the degradation of methylene blue. The sample with best photocatalytic activity was produced using 500 V, 600 s and 10 g / L, which resulted in the degradation of 70% methylene blue after 120 min under irradiation with ultraviolet light.
Heterogeneous photocatalysis using titanium oxide has shown to be promising in degradation of organic pollutants, reducing their toxicity and allowing them to be degraded by the environment. In this context, Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) is a very interesting method because it allows the formation of photocatalytic surfaces with controlled porosity and chemical composition. In this work, PEO oxidation was used for the generation of porous surfaces of titanium substrates, using an electrolytic solution containing 5 or 10 g / L of niobium ammonium oxalate, with the purpose of incorporating niobium to titanium oxides, aiming the enhance of its photocatalytic activity under visible light. In the PEO process, voltages of 500 and 600 V were used, with a frequency set at 60 Hz and treatment time ranging from 60 to 600 s. The samples surface morphologies; topography and crystallographic structure were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. X-ray dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) have been employed for crystallographic structure and chemical composition evaluations, respectively. The optical gap of the samples was determined from reflection spectra in the visible ultraviolet region (UV-Vis). Roughness was determined by profilometry and an automated goniometer was used for contact angle and surface energy measurements. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated from the degradation of methylene blue. The sample with best photocatalytic activity was produced using 500 V, 600 s and 10 g / L, which resulted in the degradation of 70% methylene blue after 120 min under irradiation with ultraviolet light.
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Palavras-chave
Fotocatálise heterogênea, Óxido de titânio, Oxidação eletrolítica assistida por plasma, PEO, Heterogeneous photocatalysis, Titanium oxide, Plasma assisted electrolytic oxidation