Muito além do conhecimento: a TV educativa na França e no Brasil, a La Cinquième e o Canal Futura (1994-2002)
Carregando...
Data
2017-08-31
Autores
Oliveira, Wellington Amarante [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta tese tem por objetivo central analisar histórico-comparativamente o papel das emissoras educativas no campo televisivo francês e brasileiro entre os anos de 1994 e 2002, tendo como eixo-central as relações sociais que tornaram possível a criação da La Cinquième e do Canal Futura. A La Cinquième, canal educativo público, inaugurado em 1994, foi criada com o objetivo de colaborar para suprir as carências educativas francesas e ajudar a retirar o país da crise. O seu surgimento ocorreu em meio a uma reorganização do campo televisivo francês após desarranjos causados pela quebra do monopólio público na década de 1980. O Canal Futura, emissora privada, criada em 1997, possibilitou às Organizações Globo reforçar a imagem de suas empresas, sobremaneira da Rede Globo, dada a simbiose entre as duas emissoras, como eficaz prestadora de serviço social e comprometida com a difusão de conteúdos culturais e educativos para toda a sociedade brasileira. A existência do Canal Futura demonstrava a eficiência do modelo televisivo comercial em garantir produções educativas de qualidade, deslegitimando às experiências públicas em televisão educativa, especificamente a TVE, do Rio de Janeiro e a TV Cultura, de São Paulo. Nesse sentido, buscamos confrontar a hipótese de que a La Cinquième e o Canal Futura, ainda que de naturezas distintas (público e privado), e com atuação em campos televisivos diferentes, enfrentaram, ao longo de suas trajetórias iniciais, os mais variados desafios, muitas vezes com práticas semelhantes, o que confirma a inserção das emissoras no debate internacional, aberto em vários países, sobre as formas de potencializar os usos educativos da televisão na superação das desigualdades socioeconômicas, mas também na exploração do audiovisual educativo um novo nicho de mercado. A La Cinquième e o Canal Futura se utilizaram constantemente do termo conhecimento, estratégia reveladora da busca por uma imagem de inovação frente às representações de que a veiculação de conteúdos educativos na TV seria algo arcaico e tedioso. A difusão do conhecimento assumiria um ar mais leve, arrojado, moderno, ligado ao mundo da descoberta. Por fim, as tanto a La Cinquième quanto o Canal Futura aproximaram-se definitivamente dos elementos consagrados no campo televisivo, o que se expressou na utilização de artistas renomados, gêneros populares e outros formatos ligados ao entretenimento.
This thesis aims to analyze from an historical comparative perspective the role of educational broadcasters in the French and Brazilian television field between 1994 and 2002, having as central axis the social relations that made possible the creation of La Cinquième and Canal Futura. La Cinquième, public education channel, inaugurated in 1994, was created with the objective of supporting and providing resources in order to meet France’s educational needs and help to withdraw its crisis. The foundation of this public education channel arised whilst a reorganization the French television area after the disruption caused by the breaking of public monopoly in the 1980’s.The Canal Futura, private broadcaster, created in 1997, enabled Globo Organizations to reinforce the image of their companies, particularly of Rede Globo, given the symbiosis between the two stations, due to its commitment as an effective social services provider responsible for dissemination of cultural and educational content for brazilian society. The existence of the Canal Futura demonstrated the efficiency of commercial television model as way of guaranteeing educational quality productions, invalidating public experiences in educational television, specifically the TVE, in Rio de Janeiro and TV Cultura, in São Paulo. Therefore, this thesis proposal is to confront the possibility that La Cinquième and Futura, although from different natures (public and private) and acting in different television fields, have both faced, throughout their trajectory, the most various challenges, frequently with similar practices, which confirms the insertion of networks in the international debate, opened in several countries, on ways to enhance the educational uses of television in overcoming the socio-economic inequalities but also in exploring the educational audiovisual a new category of market. La Cinquième and Canal Futura have constantly used the term knowledge, a strategy that reveals the search for an image of innovation in face of representations that the airing of educational content on television would be archaic and tedious. The diffusion of knowledge would embrace a lighter, enterprising, modern air, linked to a world of discovery. Finally, both La Cinquième and Canal Futura got closer to what would become a definitive relation with the elements consacreted in the television field, which has expressed itself through the use of renowned artists, popular genres and other entertainment-related formats.
This thesis aims to analyze from an historical comparative perspective the role of educational broadcasters in the French and Brazilian television field between 1994 and 2002, having as central axis the social relations that made possible the creation of La Cinquième and Canal Futura. La Cinquième, public education channel, inaugurated in 1994, was created with the objective of supporting and providing resources in order to meet France’s educational needs and help to withdraw its crisis. The foundation of this public education channel arised whilst a reorganization the French television area after the disruption caused by the breaking of public monopoly in the 1980’s.The Canal Futura, private broadcaster, created in 1997, enabled Globo Organizations to reinforce the image of their companies, particularly of Rede Globo, given the symbiosis between the two stations, due to its commitment as an effective social services provider responsible for dissemination of cultural and educational content for brazilian society. The existence of the Canal Futura demonstrated the efficiency of commercial television model as way of guaranteeing educational quality productions, invalidating public experiences in educational television, specifically the TVE, in Rio de Janeiro and TV Cultura, in São Paulo. Therefore, this thesis proposal is to confront the possibility that La Cinquième and Futura, although from different natures (public and private) and acting in different television fields, have both faced, throughout their trajectory, the most various challenges, frequently with similar practices, which confirms the insertion of networks in the international debate, opened in several countries, on ways to enhance the educational uses of television in overcoming the socio-economic inequalities but also in exploring the educational audiovisual a new category of market. La Cinquième and Canal Futura have constantly used the term knowledge, a strategy that reveals the search for an image of innovation in face of representations that the airing of educational content on television would be archaic and tedious. The diffusion of knowledge would embrace a lighter, enterprising, modern air, linked to a world of discovery. Finally, both La Cinquième and Canal Futura got closer to what would become a definitive relation with the elements consacreted in the television field, which has expressed itself through the use of renowned artists, popular genres and other entertainment-related formats.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
História da Televisão, Brasil contemporâneo, França, Canal Futura, La Cinquième, Organizações Globo, Anos 1990, History of television, Brasil contemporaneous, France, Canal Futura, La Cinquième, Globo Organizations, Decade of 1990