A educação e a diversidade sexual e de gênero: uma análise a partir da proposta dos temas transversais na perspectiva dos educadores
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2017-06-30
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
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Este presente trabalho analisa através de um estudo alicerçado na perspectiva do materialismo histórico dialético a existência de ações de incentivo ao respeito, afirmação e valorização da diversidade sexual e de gênero como efetivação de direitos humanos no âmbito da educação escolar, tendo como objeto primário de investigação bibliográfica e de campo os Temas Transversais apontados nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de 1998. Empreendeu-se investigação bibliográfica sobre a questão da diversidade sexual e de gênero, em que foi possível verificar que as dimensões de sexualidade e de criação e recriação de identidades sociais de sexo, ou seja, o gênero, possuem sustentações calcadas no patriarcalismo. Através da pesquisa exploratória de campo e de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, foi possível nos aproximarmos da realidade de uma escola pública estadual de ensino fundamental de um município médio a fim de se investigar quais são as ações e projetos existentes referentes à questão da diversidade sexual e de gênero no contexto escolar, dando voz aos educadores. Os dados da pesquisa foram coletados através de aplicação de questionários e realização de entrevistas, e foram empreendidas análises de conteúdo e análises de discurso para compreensão das informações e dos significados das mesmas. Observou-se que a materialidade das propostas de trabalho dos educadores sobre a referida temática não necessariamente tem como referência os Temas Transversais, sendo que na maior parte das vezes o que se percebe são intervenções pontuais realizadas devido à emersão de demandas e manifestações dos estudantes, bem como foi atestado que ainda existe muito desconhecimento, estranhamento e equívocos por parte dos educadores a respeito da questão da diversidade sexual e de gênero. Também se verificou que as manifestações e demandas sociais latentes suscitadas a partir da ação dos educadores são relacionadas à preconceitos, discriminações, conflitos internos, receios e curiosidade pelo assunto. Foi possível compreender circundam no ambiente escolar para a materialização de ações que pautem a diversidade sexual e de gênero a partir do lugar dos educadores dificuldades de ordem pessoal, do contexto escolar e do contexto extraescolar, bem como também possibilidades de ordem pessoal, do contexto escolar e também do contexto extraescolar. A partir das análises e reflexões empreendidas verificou-se que são múltiplos os desafios de tais ações no cotidiano escolar, e que se faz necessário que se ampliem os estudos e pesquisas sobre o assunto.
This present work analyzes, through a study grounded in the perspective of historical materialism, dialectics, the existence of actions to encourage respect, affirmation and appreciation of sexual diversity and gender as the realization of human rights in the context of school education, having as their primary object of research of the literature and of field the Cross-cutting Themes identified in the National Curriculum Parameters, 1998. Undertook-if the research literature on the issue of sexual diversity and of gender, in which it was possible to verify that the dimensions of sexuality and the creation and recreation of social identities of sex, or gender, have the supports marked in the patriarchy. Through exploratory research and field approach, quantitative-qualitative, it was possible to approach the reality of a public school state elementary schools of a municipality middle in order to investigate what are the actions and existing projects relating to the issue of sexual diversity and gender in the school context, giving voice to the educators. The research data were collected through questionnaires and interviews, and have undertaken analyses and content analyses of discourse for the understanding of the information and of the meanings of the same. It was observed that the materiality of the proposed work of the teachers on the said subject-matter does not necessarily have as a reference the Cross-cutting Themes, being that most of the times what is perceived are occasional interventions carried out due to the emergence of demands and protests of the students, as well as was attested that there is still much ignorance, estrangement and misunderstanding on the part of educators of the question of sexual diversity and gender. It was also found that the manifestations and social demands latent arising from the action of educators are related to prejudice, discrimination, internal conflicts, fears and curiosity for the subject. It was possible to understand the surrounding in the school environment for the materialization of actions that guided the diversity of sexual and gender-based from the place of the educators personal difficulties, the school context and the context extracurricular, as well as also possibilities of the personal order, the school context and also the context extracurricular. From the evaluations and reflections undertaken it was found that there are numerous challenges of such actions in the everyday school life, and that if makes necessary to broaden the studies and research on the subject.
This present work analyzes, through a study grounded in the perspective of historical materialism, dialectics, the existence of actions to encourage respect, affirmation and appreciation of sexual diversity and gender as the realization of human rights in the context of school education, having as their primary object of research of the literature and of field the Cross-cutting Themes identified in the National Curriculum Parameters, 1998. Undertook-if the research literature on the issue of sexual diversity and of gender, in which it was possible to verify that the dimensions of sexuality and the creation and recreation of social identities of sex, or gender, have the supports marked in the patriarchy. Through exploratory research and field approach, quantitative-qualitative, it was possible to approach the reality of a public school state elementary schools of a municipality middle in order to investigate what are the actions and existing projects relating to the issue of sexual diversity and gender in the school context, giving voice to the educators. The research data were collected through questionnaires and interviews, and have undertaken analyses and content analyses of discourse for the understanding of the information and of the meanings of the same. It was observed that the materiality of the proposed work of the teachers on the said subject-matter does not necessarily have as a reference the Cross-cutting Themes, being that most of the times what is perceived are occasional interventions carried out due to the emergence of demands and protests of the students, as well as was attested that there is still much ignorance, estrangement and misunderstanding on the part of educators of the question of sexual diversity and gender. It was also found that the manifestations and social demands latent arising from the action of educators are related to prejudice, discrimination, internal conflicts, fears and curiosity for the subject. It was possible to understand the surrounding in the school environment for the materialization of actions that guided the diversity of sexual and gender-based from the place of the educators personal difficulties, the school context and the context extracurricular, as well as also possibilities of the personal order, the school context and also the context extracurricular. From the evaluations and reflections undertaken it was found that there are numerous challenges of such actions in the everyday school life, and that if makes necessary to broaden the studies and research on the subject.
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identidade de gênero. pluralismo cultural. educação sexual para a juventude., gender identity. cultural pluralism. sex education for youth.