Mecanismo de ação e infecção por Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis: expressão, purificação e caracterização de proteínas relacionadas ao metabolismo central ou à sua virulência
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Data
2017-11-22
Autores
Kawai, Liege Abdallah
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. pseudotuberculosis), é uma bactéria gram positiva anaeróbia facultativa, pleomórfica, que não esporula, não forma cápsula, e que apresenta 2 biotipos ou biovares, sendo o biovar equi capaz de infectar preferencialmente equinos, enquanto o biótipo denominado ovis acomete pequenos ruminantes. Esta bactéria faz parte do grupo CMNR (Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia e Rhodococcus), que demonstra grande importância veterinária e médica, uma vez que estes micro-organismos comumente infectam animais, podendo infectar o homem, causando perdas econômicas pela ineficácia ou alto custo de terapias existentes. Um exemplo seria a linfadenite caseosa (LC) causada por C. pseudotuberculosis, que afeta particularmente a pecuária de caprinos e ovinos, com a condenação da carcaça e redução da produção de lã e de carne. A transmissão da doença e contágio dos animais é direta, muitas vezes através da alimentação e ingestão de água em local contaminado por animais doentes. Essa doença possui incidência na pecuária mundial, principalmente de caprinos e ovinos, havendo registros de ocorrência no Brasil, Europa, Oriente Médio, Austrália, Nova Zelândia, África do Sul, Canadá e Estados Unidos e mesmo com todos os avanços tecnológicos, ainda não há métodos de prevenção totalmente eficazes, como vacinas e medicamentos, tampouco para o tratamento de animais infectados, que geralmente são de custo elevado, por longos períodos e sem a garantia de cura ou de isenção de reincidência da LC. Deste modo, técnicas mais rápidas e fáceis para detecção e diagnóstico da doença, bem como para seu tratamento, se tornam imprescindíveis, evitando não só a disseminação da doença, mas também suas consequentes perdas econômicas. Atualmente, devido ao uso indiscriminado de antibióticos para o tratamento de infecções de origem bacteriana, bem como à constante exposição destes micro-organismos a essas drogas em ambientes hospitalares, observa-se o desenvolvimento de micro-organismos resistentes às terapias disponíveis, sendo um desafio mundial a descoberta e elaboração de tratamentos eficazes para a prevenção, controle e eliminação destes patógenos, como alternativa aos já existentes. Visando terapias alternativas e direcionadas para infecção por C. pseudotuberculosis, as proteínas tioredoxina, tioredoxina redutase e diphtheria toxin repressor foram estudadas no presente trabalho, a fim de melhor compreender este micro-organismo.
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. pseudotuberculosis), is a gram-positive, facultative anaerobe, pleomorphic, non-sporulating bacterium with two biotopes or biovars, being the biovar equi capable of infecting horses, whereas the biotype called ovis infects small ruminants. It is part of the CMNR group (Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Rhodococcus), which demonstrates great veterinary and medical importance, since these common microorganisms infect animals and can infect humans, causing economic losses due to the inefficiency or high cost of existing therapies. An example is a caseous lymphadenitis (LC) caused by C. pseudotuberculosis, which particularly affects the goats and sheep livestock, with carcass condemnation and reduction of wool and meat production. The transmission of disease and the contagion of animals is direct, often through feeding and drinking water in places contaminated by sick animals. This disease has an incidence in the world livestock, mainly of goats and sheep, with occurrence records in Brazil, Europe, the Middle East, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Canada and the United States and even with all technological advances, still there are no totally effective prevention methods, such as vaccines and medications, nor for the treatment of infected animals, which are usually of a high cost, for long periods and without guarantee of cure or exemption from recurrence of LC. In this way, faster and easier techniques for the detection of the diagnosis of this disease as well as for its treatment become essential, avoiding not only a spread of the disease, but also its consequent economic losses. Currently, the use of indiscriminate antibiotics for the treatment of infections of bacterial origin, as well as the constant exposure of these microorganisms to these drugs in hospital environments, shows the development of microorganisms resistant to the available therapies, being one world-wide challenge the elaboration of effective treatments for the prevention, control and elimination of these pathogens, as an alternative to the existing ones. Aiming alternative therapies for infection by C. pseudotuberculosis, proteins such as thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, diphtheria toxin repressor, were studied in the present work, for a better comprehension of this microorganism.
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. pseudotuberculosis), is a gram-positive, facultative anaerobe, pleomorphic, non-sporulating bacterium with two biotopes or biovars, being the biovar equi capable of infecting horses, whereas the biotype called ovis infects small ruminants. It is part of the CMNR group (Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Rhodococcus), which demonstrates great veterinary and medical importance, since these common microorganisms infect animals and can infect humans, causing economic losses due to the inefficiency or high cost of existing therapies. An example is a caseous lymphadenitis (LC) caused by C. pseudotuberculosis, which particularly affects the goats and sheep livestock, with carcass condemnation and reduction of wool and meat production. The transmission of disease and the contagion of animals is direct, often through feeding and drinking water in places contaminated by sick animals. This disease has an incidence in the world livestock, mainly of goats and sheep, with occurrence records in Brazil, Europe, the Middle East, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Canada and the United States and even with all technological advances, still there are no totally effective prevention methods, such as vaccines and medications, nor for the treatment of infected animals, which are usually of a high cost, for long periods and without guarantee of cure or exemption from recurrence of LC. In this way, faster and easier techniques for the detection of the diagnosis of this disease as well as for its treatment become essential, avoiding not only a spread of the disease, but also its consequent economic losses. Currently, the use of indiscriminate antibiotics for the treatment of infections of bacterial origin, as well as the constant exposure of these microorganisms to these drugs in hospital environments, shows the development of microorganisms resistant to the available therapies, being one world-wide challenge the elaboration of effective treatments for the prevention, control and elimination of these pathogens, as an alternative to the existing ones. Aiming alternative therapies for infection by C. pseudotuberculosis, proteins such as thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, diphtheria toxin repressor, were studied in the present work, for a better comprehension of this microorganism.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Linfadenite caseosa, LC, C. pseudotuberculosis, tioredoxina redutase, tioredoxinas, diphtheria toxin repressor, caseous lymphadenitis, thioredoxin reductase, thioredoxin