Compostagem de lodo de esgoto: caracterização e bioestabilização
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Data
2018-03-06
Autores
Ribeiro, Lívia Cristina
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso do lodo de esgoto na agricultura é uma alternativa ambiental e economicamente viável para o resíduo. A compostagem propicia a eliminação de patógenos nocivos à saúde humana, viabilizando o uso do lodo de esgoto como fertilizante orgânico. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho caracterizar o processo de compostagem de lodo de esgoto misturado com diferentes fontes de carbono (bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, casca de arroz e casca de eucalipto) e analisar a bioestabilização dos compostos produzidos. A compostagem foi realizada em estufa durante 90 dias, em delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições. A partir dos 40 dias de compostagem, foram realizadas coletas a cada 10 dias para avaliar as características químicas, físicas e biológicas dos compostos. As misturas de lodo de esgoto com bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e lodo de esgoto com casca de eucalipto proporcionaram a compostagem e a bioestabilização dos compostos no período de 90 dias, sendo verificado ao final do processo temperatura dos materiais próxima a temperatura ambiente, ausência de odor, presença de macronutrientes e micronutrientes disponíveis para as plantas, relação C/N abaixo de 20 e índices favoráveis no teste de germinação. A mistura de lodo de esgoto e casca de arroz não proporcionou a compostagem e o material não foi bioestabilizado no período de 90 dias.
The use of sewage sludge in agriculture is an environmentally and economically viable alternative. Composting can promote the elimination of pathogens harmful to human health, making possible the use of sewage sludge as an organic fertilizer. This study aimed at characterize the process of composting sewage sludge mixed with different carbon sources (sugarcane bagasse, rice husk and eucalyptus bark) and to analyze the biostabilization of the compounds produced. The composting was carried out in a greenhouse for 90 days in a randomized block design with four repetitions. From 40 days of composting, samples was colected every 10 days to evaluate the quimical, physical and biological characteristics of the compounds. The mixtures of sewage sludge with sugarcane bagasse and sewage sludge with eucalyptus bark provided the composting and biostabilization of the compounds in the period of 90 days. At the end of the process, the temperature of the materials was close to room temperature, absence of odor, presence of macronutrients and micronutrients available to the plants, C/N ratio below 20 and favorable rates in the germination test. The mixture of sewage sludge and rice husk did not provide composting and the material was not biostabilized within 90 days.
The use of sewage sludge in agriculture is an environmentally and economically viable alternative. Composting can promote the elimination of pathogens harmful to human health, making possible the use of sewage sludge as an organic fertilizer. This study aimed at characterize the process of composting sewage sludge mixed with different carbon sources (sugarcane bagasse, rice husk and eucalyptus bark) and to analyze the biostabilization of the compounds produced. The composting was carried out in a greenhouse for 90 days in a randomized block design with four repetitions. From 40 days of composting, samples was colected every 10 days to evaluate the quimical, physical and biological characteristics of the compounds. The mixtures of sewage sludge with sugarcane bagasse and sewage sludge with eucalyptus bark provided the composting and biostabilization of the compounds in the period of 90 days. At the end of the process, the temperature of the materials was close to room temperature, absence of odor, presence of macronutrients and micronutrients available to the plants, C/N ratio below 20 and favorable rates in the germination test. The mixture of sewage sludge and rice husk did not provide composting and the material was not biostabilized within 90 days.
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adubação orgânica, matéria orgânica, resíduos orgânicos, organic matter, organic fertilization, organic residues