O Conselho de defesa sul-americano e a cooperação regional na indústria de defesa
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2018-03-01
Autores
Zague, José Augusto [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo desta tese é compreender os motivos que levaram a paralisação do programa para a produção do Avião de Treinamento Primário Básico Unasul I, que se desenvolveu sob a coordenação do Conselho de Defesa Sul-Americano (CDS), em um consórcio integrado por quatro países: Argentina, Brasil, Equador e Venezuela. A pesquisa enfatizou os processos históricos e econômicos que dificultam a possibilidade de ampliar a autonomia e a integração regional no campo da produção de armamentos, especialmente a dependência de fornecedores externos, infraestrutura tecnológica insuficiente e o baixo investimento em P&D. A análise dos documentos dos Comitês Consultivo e Técnico do programa do avião de treinamento, identificou uma correlação entre a paralisação do projeto e os dois principais objetivos do CDS para a produção colaborativa de armamentos: a integração regional e a busca por maior autonomia no desenho, desenvolvimento e produção de sistemas de armas. Até a sua paralisação, duas vertentes com interesses distintos buscaram espaço no programa Unasul I: a de integração autonomista, coerente com os princípios da iniciativa do CDS e constituída por países com baixa capacitação tecnológica e industrial no setor aeronáutico; e a assimétrica, representada por países com maior capacitação na indústria de defesa e no setor aeronáutico. Não obstante a distância tecnológica que separa os países sul-americanos dos principais fabricantes mundiais de armamentos, há ainda uma notável assimetria entre o Brasil, único país que possui um parque industrial de defesa na região, e os seus parceiros sul-americanos, o que teve peso decisivo no processo de produção colaborativa coordenado pelo CDS. Nesse sentido, o modelo de produção colaborativa proposto pelos quatro países membros do CDS, se mostrou disfuncional, caracterizado pelo desequilíbrio na divisão de atribuições entre os parceiros no desenvolvimento e fabricação do avião sul-americano, o que levou a paralisação do programa.
The purpose of this thesis is to understand the reasons that led to the discontinuity of the primary flight training aircraft program, named Unasur I, developed under the coordination of the South American Defense Council (CDS) and four countries: Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador and Venezuela. It sought to establish a correlation between the discontinuity of the aircraft training program and the two main objectives of the collaborative weapons production project, namely regional integration and the quest for greater autonomy in the design, development and production of weapons systems. In a subsidiary way, it was sought to understand the interests involved in the program. It was verified that until the discontinuity, two areas with different interests sought space in the program, the autonomic integration, consistent with CDS initiative’s principles, but formed by countries with low technological and industrial capacity in the aeronautical sector; and the asymmetric, represented by countries with greater capacity both in defense and aeronautical sectors. The discontinuity of the Unasul I program is related to its asymmetric and dysfunctional model. In addition, we will emphasize historical, economic, and regional geopolitical processes that impede broaden the regional autonomy and integration in the field of weapons production, such as reliance on external suppliers, low R&D investment and insufficient technological infrastructure. Despite the technological disparity between South American countries and the world major arms producers, there is still an asymmetrical regional relationship between Brazil, the only country with a defense industrial park in the subcontinent and its South American counterparts, which is decisive in international collaborative production processes.
The purpose of this thesis is to understand the reasons that led to the discontinuity of the primary flight training aircraft program, named Unasur I, developed under the coordination of the South American Defense Council (CDS) and four countries: Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador and Venezuela. It sought to establish a correlation between the discontinuity of the aircraft training program and the two main objectives of the collaborative weapons production project, namely regional integration and the quest for greater autonomy in the design, development and production of weapons systems. In a subsidiary way, it was sought to understand the interests involved in the program. It was verified that until the discontinuity, two areas with different interests sought space in the program, the autonomic integration, consistent with CDS initiative’s principles, but formed by countries with low technological and industrial capacity in the aeronautical sector; and the asymmetric, represented by countries with greater capacity both in defense and aeronautical sectors. The discontinuity of the Unasul I program is related to its asymmetric and dysfunctional model. In addition, we will emphasize historical, economic, and regional geopolitical processes that impede broaden the regional autonomy and integration in the field of weapons production, such as reliance on external suppliers, low R&D investment and insufficient technological infrastructure. Despite the technological disparity between South American countries and the world major arms producers, there is still an asymmetrical regional relationship between Brazil, the only country with a defense industrial park in the subcontinent and its South American counterparts, which is decisive in international collaborative production processes.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Conselho de defesa sul-americano, Colaboração internacional na produção de armamentos, América do Sul, Indústria de defesa, Defesa e integração regional, South american defense Council, International collaboration in armaments production, South-America, Defense industry, Defense and regional integration