Criatividade em estudantes indicados com altas habilidades/superdotação: relação com desempenho intelectual, escolar e variáveis sociodemográficas
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2018-03-28
Autores
Cunha, Angélica Maria Teodoro
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A criatividade é alvo de estudos em diferentes campos, com diferentes populações e sob diferentes enfoques. Dentre os estudos são investigadas as relações entre criatividade e Altas habilidades/superdotação (AH/SD), criatividade, inteligência e desempenho escolar, bem como a influência do sexo, idade e escolaridade na expressão criativa. O estudo dessas relações é resultado da tentativa de compreender de que forma e em que grau essas variáveis interagem. Diante disto, foram estabelecidos como objetivos deste estudo descrever o desempenho criativo em desenhos de estudantes indicados com características de AH/SD para avaliação, considerando o sexo, idade e escolaridade, bem como as áreas em que foram indicados por seus respectivos professores. A amostra foi composta por 33 estudantes do Ensino Fundamental (15 do sexo feminino e 18 do sexo masculino), com idades variando dos seis aos 14 anos. Para a avaliação da criatividade foi utilizado o “Teste de Criatividade Figural Infantil (TCFI)”, para medir o desempenho intelectual foi aplicado o teste “Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Crianças (WISC - IV)” e para avaliar o desempenho escolar foi empregado o “Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE)”. Os resultados encontrados nesse estudo indicaram que na pontuação total do TCFI, parte significativa dos estudantes obteve classificações inferiores. Entretanto, foi observado que nos Fatores 2 (Emotividade) e 4 (Aspectos cognitivos) os estudantes, em sua maioria apresentaram classificações superiores à média. Diferenças estatisticamente significativa não foram observadas entre os sexos, idade e escolaridade. Ao se comparar o desempenho geral dos estudantes no teste de criatividade com o teste cognitivo e de desempenho escolar, verificou-se que, uma parcela significativa dos estudantes apresentou desempenho superior à média em apenas um instrumento de avaliação. A análise estatística realizada por meio do teste de Spearman para verificar a relação entre criatividade e inteligência evidenciou correlações fracas e moderadas entre as variáveis. Entre criatividade e desempenho escolar, foram verificadas correlações moderadas entre o Fator 1, do TCFI, “Enriquecimento de ideias” e o subteste de Leitura, do TDE. Estudantes com criatividade superior à média tendem a ser indicados com habilidades em outras áreas por seus respectivos professores. Os resultados desta pesquisa apontam para a importância do desenvolvimento de estudos que busquem investigar a criatividade e as variáveis que influenciam a expressão criativa dos estudantes em diferentes contextos.
CUNHA, Angélica Maria Teo doro. Creativity in indicated students with high abilities/giftedness: relation with intellectual performance, school and sociodemographic variables. 2018. 117f. Dissertation (Master in Developmental Psychology and Learning), São Paulo State University, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, 2018. ABSTRACT Creativity is the subject of studies in different fields, with different populations and different approaches. Among the studies are investigated the relationships between creativity and Hig h abilities/giftedness (AH/ SD), creativity, intelligence and school performance, as well as the influence of gender, age and schooling on creative expression. The study of these relationships results from the attempt to understand in what form and to what degree these variables interact. In view of this, this study aimed to describe the creative performance in drawings of students indicated with AH/SD characteristics for evaluation, considering the gender, age and schooling, as well as the areas in which they were indicated by th eir respective teachers. The sample was composed of 33 primary school students (15 females and 18 males), ages ranging from 6 - 14 years old. For the evaluation of creativity was used the “Test of Figural Creativity for Children” (TCFI). To measure intellect ual performance was administered the test “Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC - IV)” and to evaluate the school performance was used the “School Achievement Test” (TDE). The results found in this study indicated that in the total score of the TCF I, significant part of the students obtained lower ratings. However, it was observed that in Factors 2 (Emotivity) and 4 (Cognitive aspects), students presented higher than average scores. Statistically significant differences were not observed between gen ders, age and schooling. When comparing student’s overall performance in the creativity test with the cognitive test and school performance, it was found that a significant proportion of students performed above average in only one assessment instrument. S tatistical analysis using the Spearman test to verify the relationship between creativity and intelligence showed weak and moderate correlations between the variables. Between creativity and school performance, moderate correlations between Factor 1 of the TCFI, "Enrichment of ideas" and the reading subtest of the TDE were verified. Students with creativity above average tend to be indicated with abilities in other areas by their respective teachers. The results of this research point to the importance of t he development of studies that seek to investigate the creativity and variables that influence the creative expression of students in different contexts.
CUNHA, Angélica Maria Teo doro. Creativity in indicated students with high abilities/giftedness: relation with intellectual performance, school and sociodemographic variables. 2018. 117f. Dissertation (Master in Developmental Psychology and Learning), São Paulo State University, Faculty of Sciences, Bauru, 2018. ABSTRACT Creativity is the subject of studies in different fields, with different populations and different approaches. Among the studies are investigated the relationships between creativity and Hig h abilities/giftedness (AH/ SD), creativity, intelligence and school performance, as well as the influence of gender, age and schooling on creative expression. The study of these relationships results from the attempt to understand in what form and to what degree these variables interact. In view of this, this study aimed to describe the creative performance in drawings of students indicated with AH/SD characteristics for evaluation, considering the gender, age and schooling, as well as the areas in which they were indicated by th eir respective teachers. The sample was composed of 33 primary school students (15 females and 18 males), ages ranging from 6 - 14 years old. For the evaluation of creativity was used the “Test of Figural Creativity for Children” (TCFI). To measure intellect ual performance was administered the test “Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC - IV)” and to evaluate the school performance was used the “School Achievement Test” (TDE). The results found in this study indicated that in the total score of the TCF I, significant part of the students obtained lower ratings. However, it was observed that in Factors 2 (Emotivity) and 4 (Cognitive aspects), students presented higher than average scores. Statistically significant differences were not observed between gen ders, age and schooling. When comparing student’s overall performance in the creativity test with the cognitive test and school performance, it was found that a significant proportion of students performed above average in only one assessment instrument. S tatistical analysis using the Spearman test to verify the relationship between creativity and intelligence showed weak and moderate correlations between the variables. Between creativity and school performance, moderate correlations between Factor 1 of the TCFI, "Enrichment of ideas" and the reading subtest of the TDE were verified. Students with creativity above average tend to be indicated with abilities in other areas by their respective teachers. The results of this research point to the importance of t he development of studies that seek to investigate the creativity and variables that influence the creative expression of students in different contexts.
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Criatividade, Avaliação, Altas habilidades/superdotação, Escola, Creativity, Evaluation, High abilities/giftedness, School