Resiliência da cadeia de suprimentos: proposta de um Índice composto
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Data
2018-07-05
Autores
Lima, Danilo Nascimento
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Resiliência é a capacidade da cadeia de suprimentos de sofrer impactos ou rupturas e se reconfigurar de forma eficiente para atender as demandas do mercado. Estas cadeias estão expostas a perturbações, que podem ser classificadas em de alto impacto, causadas por furacões e terremotos, por exemplo, ou de baixo impacto como problemas de transporte, sazonalidade, falta de flexibilidade, instabilidade produtiva ou indisponibilidade temporária de insumos que ocasiona em interrupções no fornecimento aos participantes seguintes e impacta suas operações. A construção de mecanismos de avaliação da resiliência auxilia no equacionamento destes desequilíbrios na distribuição de bens e produtos, minimizando reflexos negativos para a cadeia e seus participantes. Este trabalho visa construir um índice composto de resiliência de uma cadeia de suprimentos sugerindo uma forma de ponderação e agregação que permitam identificar o nível de a preparação das cadeias de suprimentos em lidar com interrupções e impactos. O método adotado partiu do levantamento bibliográfico de dimensões com o objetivo de propor um framework e o levantamento de indicadores encontrados na literatura, que foram avaliados por meio de painel de especialistas. O painel selecionou quais indicadores melhor mensuram as dimensões e determinou os pesos para construção do índice composto. Os resultados apontam para um Índice Composto que concatenou doze dimensões e trinta e três indicadores, sendo mais abrangente que publicações anteriores. Os avanços são a contribuição para um campo de estudo com baixo número de publicações e a participação de especialistas na construção de um IC mais aderente as necessidades dos stakeholders. As limitações identificadas neste trabalho são o número de dimensões encontradas na pesquisa realizada na base de dados, que possivelmente não abarca toda a gama de possibilidades do conceito de resiliência.
Resilience is the ability of the supply chain to undergo impacts or ruptures and to efficiently reconfigure itself to meet the demands of the market. These chains are exposed to disturbances, which can be classified as high impact, caused by hurricanes and earthquakes, for example, or low impact such as transport problems, seasonality, lack of flexibility, productive instability or temporary unavailability of inputs interruptions in supplying the following participants and impacts their operations. The construction of mechanisms to evaluate resilience helps in the equation of these imbalances in the distribution of goods and products, minimizing negative effects on the chain and its participants. This paper aims to construct a composite index of resilience of a supply chain suggesting a form of weighting and aggregation that allows identifying the level of the preparation of the supply chains in dealing with interruptions and impacts. The method adopted was based on the bibliographic survey of dimensions with the objective of proposing a framework and the survey of indicators found in the literature, which were evaluated through a panel of experts. The panel selected which metrics best measure the dimensions and determined the weights for constructing the composite index. The results point to a composite index that concatenated twelve dimensions and thirty three indicators, being more comprehensive than previous publications. The advances are the contribution to a field of study with low number of publications and the participation of specialists in the construction of an IC more adherent to the needs of the stakeholders. The limitations identified in this work are the number of dimensions found in the database research, which may not cover the full range of possibilities of the concept of resilience.
Resilience is the ability of the supply chain to undergo impacts or ruptures and to efficiently reconfigure itself to meet the demands of the market. These chains are exposed to disturbances, which can be classified as high impact, caused by hurricanes and earthquakes, for example, or low impact such as transport problems, seasonality, lack of flexibility, productive instability or temporary unavailability of inputs interruptions in supplying the following participants and impacts their operations. The construction of mechanisms to evaluate resilience helps in the equation of these imbalances in the distribution of goods and products, minimizing negative effects on the chain and its participants. This paper aims to construct a composite index of resilience of a supply chain suggesting a form of weighting and aggregation that allows identifying the level of the preparation of the supply chains in dealing with interruptions and impacts. The method adopted was based on the bibliographic survey of dimensions with the objective of proposing a framework and the survey of indicators found in the literature, which were evaluated through a panel of experts. The panel selected which metrics best measure the dimensions and determined the weights for constructing the composite index. The results point to a composite index that concatenated twelve dimensions and thirty three indicators, being more comprehensive than previous publications. The advances are the contribution to a field of study with low number of publications and the participation of specialists in the construction of an IC more adherent to the needs of the stakeholders. The limitations identified in this work are the number of dimensions found in the database research, which may not cover the full range of possibilities of the concept of resilience.
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Palavras-chave
Índice composto, Resiliência, Cadeia de suprimentos, Risco, Composite index, Resilience, Supply chain, Risk