Efeitos sedativos e cardiorrespiratórios da dexmedetomidina administrada em diferentes doses pela via intravenosa em jumentos Nordestinos (Equus asinus)
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Data
2018-07-25
Autores
Fonseca, Mariana Werneck [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo principal do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos sedativos e cardiorrespiratórios da dexmedetomidina administrada pela via intravenosa em três diferentes doses em asininos Nordestinos. Na metodologia foram utilizadas seis jumentas, adultas (idade entre 3 e 5 anos), hígidas, com peso 132 kg ± 14 kg, provenientes da tropa da FMVZ- Unesp Botucatu. Os efeitos sedativos e comportamentais foram avaliados através da variação da altura da cabeça (HHAG), grau de ataxia, escala visual analógica (VAS) e respostas aos estímulos tátil (membro pélvico, torácico e orelha), auditivo e visual. Adicionalmente, foram analisadas as variáveis cardiorrespiratórias, frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e frequência respiratória (FR), além de temperatura retal (Tº) e motilidade gastrointestinal (MGI). Cada animal recebia um dos quatro tratamentos que consistiam em: controle com solução fisiológica 0,9% (SAL), dexmedetomidina 3 μg/kg (D3), dexmedetomidina 5 μg/kg (D5) e dexmedetomidina 7 μg/kg (D7). As variáveis de sedação e cardiorrespiratórias foram registradas aos 5, 10, 20, 30, 45 e 60 minutos após a realização de cada tratamento. Dois avaliadores experientes também analisaram posteriormente a qualidade de sedação pela observação de registros em vídeo. Os dados normais foram analisados por medidas repetidas ANOVA sendo que as médias foram avaliadas pelo teste de Tukey (p > 0,05). Os testes de Friedman e de Dunn´s (p > 0,05) foram utilizados para a análise das variáveis que não apresentaram distribuição normal. A redução na HHAG foi significativa em comparação aos valores basais, em todos os tratamentos dexmedetomidina (até 45 minutos), e entre os tratamentos SAL e D7. Do mesmo modo se comportou a escala VAS in situ, em que todos os tratamentos dexmedetomidina causaram elevação dos escores. O grau de ataxia in situ apresentou diferenças em relação ao T0 com o tratamento D5 (momentos 5, 10 e 20 minutos). Entretanto, a mesma variável na avaliação ex situ, apresentou aumento significativo no tratamento D5 (momentos 5, 10 e 20 minutos). A avaliação de estímulos externos in situ e ex situ, não apresentou diferenças com exceção do estimulo auditivo in situ com relação ao T0 no tratamento D7 (momento 10). A FC, PAS e FR apresentaram redução significativa em relação aos valores basais em todos os tratamentos dexmedetomidina. A MGI apresentou diminuição significativa nos tratamentos D5 e D7 entre os momentos 5 e 60 minutos. Desta maneira, pode-se concluir que a dose de 5 e 7 μg/kg de dexmedetomidina são adequadas em circunstâncias clínicas para procedimentos curtos de até 30 minutos.
The main objective of the study was to evaluate the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine administered intravenously in three different doses in Northeastern asinines. In the methodology, six healthy adult donkeys weighing 132 kg ± 14 kg from the FMVZ-Unesp Botucatu troop were used. The sedative and behavioral effects were evaluated through head height variation (HHAG), ataxia degree, visual analog scale (VAS) and responses to tactile stimuli (pelvic, thoracic and ear member), auditory and visual. In addition, cardiorespiratory variables, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and respiratory rate (RR), as well as rectal temperature (Tº) and gastrointestinal motility (MGI) were analyzed. Each animal received one of the four treatments consisting of: control with physiological solution 0.9% (SAL), dexmedetomidine 3 μg / kg (D3), dexmedetomidine 5 μg / kg (D5) and dexmedetomidine 7 μg / kg (D7). Sedation and cardiorespiratory variables were recorded at 5, 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after each treatment. Two experienced evaluators also subsequently analyzed the quality of sedation by watching video records. The normal data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and the means were evaluated by the Tukey test (p> 0.05). The Friedman and Dunn's tests (p> 0.05) were used for the analysis of the variables that did not present normal distribution. The reduction in HHAG was significant in comparison to baseline, in all dexmedetomidine treatments (up to 45 minutes), and between SAL and D7 treatments. Likewise, the VAS scale was performed in situ, in which all dexmedetomidine treatments caused elevation of the scores. The degree of ataxia in situ presented differences in relation to T0 with treatment D5 (moments 5, 10 and 20 minutes). However, the same variable in ex situ evaluation showed a significant increase in D5 treatment (moments 5, 10 and 20 minutes). The evaluation of external stimuli in situ and ex situ showed no difference except for auditory stimulus in situ in relation to T0 in treatment D7 (moment 10). The HR, SBP and RR presented a significant reduction in relation to the baseline values in all dexmedetomidine treatments. MGI showed a significant decrease in treatments D5 and D7 between moments 5 and 60 minutes. In this way, it can be concluded that the dose of 5 and 7 μg / kg of dexmedetomidine are adequate in clinical circumstances for short procedures of up to 30 minutes.
The main objective of the study was to evaluate the sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine administered intravenously in three different doses in Northeastern asinines. In the methodology, six healthy adult donkeys weighing 132 kg ± 14 kg from the FMVZ-Unesp Botucatu troop were used. The sedative and behavioral effects were evaluated through head height variation (HHAG), ataxia degree, visual analog scale (VAS) and responses to tactile stimuli (pelvic, thoracic and ear member), auditory and visual. In addition, cardiorespiratory variables, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and respiratory rate (RR), as well as rectal temperature (Tº) and gastrointestinal motility (MGI) were analyzed. Each animal received one of the four treatments consisting of: control with physiological solution 0.9% (SAL), dexmedetomidine 3 μg / kg (D3), dexmedetomidine 5 μg / kg (D5) and dexmedetomidine 7 μg / kg (D7). Sedation and cardiorespiratory variables were recorded at 5, 10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after each treatment. Two experienced evaluators also subsequently analyzed the quality of sedation by watching video records. The normal data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and the means were evaluated by the Tukey test (p> 0.05). The Friedman and Dunn's tests (p> 0.05) were used for the analysis of the variables that did not present normal distribution. The reduction in HHAG was significant in comparison to baseline, in all dexmedetomidine treatments (up to 45 minutes), and between SAL and D7 treatments. Likewise, the VAS scale was performed in situ, in which all dexmedetomidine treatments caused elevation of the scores. The degree of ataxia in situ presented differences in relation to T0 with treatment D5 (moments 5, 10 and 20 minutes). However, the same variable in ex situ evaluation showed a significant increase in D5 treatment (moments 5, 10 and 20 minutes). The evaluation of external stimuli in situ and ex situ showed no difference except for auditory stimulus in situ in relation to T0 in treatment D7 (moment 10). The HR, SBP and RR presented a significant reduction in relation to the baseline values in all dexmedetomidine treatments. MGI showed a significant decrease in treatments D5 and D7 between moments 5 and 60 minutes. In this way, it can be concluded that the dose of 5 and 7 μg / kg of dexmedetomidine are adequate in clinical circumstances for short procedures of up to 30 minutes.
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Palavras-chave
alfa-2 agonista, dexmedetomidina, asininos, sedação, cardiorrespiratório, alpha-2 agonist, dexmedetomidine, sedation, cardiorrespiratory