Uma abordagem inovadora para medir a eficiência do ciclo de manufatura por meio de um novo modelo multiobjetivo de análise envoltória de dados
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Data
2018-09-12
Autores
Ushizima, Carlos Alberto
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A estratégia da organização Green e Lean Manufacturing enfatiza a redução de desperdícios, resíduos e seus impactos ambientais, o aumento da eficiência, a melhoria da qualidade e a redução do tempo de ciclo pela eliminação das atividades que não agregam valor. Normalmente, as empresas adotam o indicador Manufacturing Cycle Efficiency para identificar e melhorar seus processos buscando atender aos requisitos da Lean Manufacturing. Este trabalho é classificado como uma pesquisa aplicada, a abordagem do problema é quantitativa e o método utilizado de Modelagem e Simulação, além da técnica não paramétrica da Análise Envoltória de Dados Multi-critério para calcular otimamente um novo indicador denominado Value Added Actcities in Manufacturing Processes (VAAMP) ou Índice de Atividades de Valor Agregado em Processos de Manufatura para medir a eficiência dos processos produtivos por meio de parâmetros da Lean e Green Manufacturing. Uma aplicação em uma indústria multinacional de autopeças foi feita com o objetivo de testar e validar o novo indicador. Como vantagem imediata foi possível aos gestores tratar informações adicionais ao indicador Manufacturing Cycle Efficiency, adotado pela empresa, incorporando outros parâmetros importantes citando como exemplo: a quantidade de sucata, o volume das vendas, a quantidade de peças em processo, os gestores e especialistas em Lean e Green Manufacturing da empresa estudada, que observaram boa adesão à prática dos novos valores calculados, quando comparados aos cálculos tradicionalmente adotados. Outras vantagens deste novo indicador também são destacadas, como o estabelecimento de um ranking de eficiência entre os processos produtivos analisados e a determinação de metas viáveis para tornar eficientes os processos identificados como ineficientes
The strategy of organizational Green & Lean Manufacturing emphasizes on reducing waste and environmental impacts, increasing efficiency, quality improvement, and cycle time reduction by eliminating non-value-added activities. Usually enterprises adopt the indicator Manufacturing Cycle Efficiency to identify and make improvement so as to meet Lean Manufacturing requirements. This work is classified as an applied research, approach of problem is quantitative and based on Modeling and Simulation, in addition to the nonparametric technique the Multi-Criteria Data Envelopment Analysis, to optimally calculate a new indicator, hereby called as Value-Added Activities in Manufacturing Processes, to measure the efficiency of productive processes through Green and Lean Manufacturing parameters. An application of new indicator was made in a multinational auto parts industry with the purpose of validating and testing it. As an immediate advantage of this new indicator, it was possible for managers to insert more information, as incorporating aspects associated with Green Manufacturing, in the calculation of the Manufacturing Cycle Efficiency, making it more consistent and representative of what is happening in practice. Among this additional information on the real processes analyzed, we can mention, for example, the amount of scrap generated, the amount of sales invoicing, the quantity of work in process, the quantity of finished products in stock, among others. The results of a new indicator were validated by specialists in Green & Lean Manufacturing, managers of the studied company, who observed greater adherence to the practice of these new calculated values, when compared to the calculations traditionally adopted. Other a new indicator advantages are also highlighted, such as the establishment of a ranking of efficiency between the productive processes analyzed and the determination of feasible goals to make efficient the processes identified as inefficient
The strategy of organizational Green & Lean Manufacturing emphasizes on reducing waste and environmental impacts, increasing efficiency, quality improvement, and cycle time reduction by eliminating non-value-added activities. Usually enterprises adopt the indicator Manufacturing Cycle Efficiency to identify and make improvement so as to meet Lean Manufacturing requirements. This work is classified as an applied research, approach of problem is quantitative and based on Modeling and Simulation, in addition to the nonparametric technique the Multi-Criteria Data Envelopment Analysis, to optimally calculate a new indicator, hereby called as Value-Added Activities in Manufacturing Processes, to measure the efficiency of productive processes through Green and Lean Manufacturing parameters. An application of new indicator was made in a multinational auto parts industry with the purpose of validating and testing it. As an immediate advantage of this new indicator, it was possible for managers to insert more information, as incorporating aspects associated with Green Manufacturing, in the calculation of the Manufacturing Cycle Efficiency, making it more consistent and representative of what is happening in practice. Among this additional information on the real processes analyzed, we can mention, for example, the amount of scrap generated, the amount of sales invoicing, the quantity of work in process, the quantity of finished products in stock, among others. The results of a new indicator were validated by specialists in Green & Lean Manufacturing, managers of the studied company, who observed greater adherence to the practice of these new calculated values, when compared to the calculations traditionally adopted. Other a new indicator advantages are also highlighted, such as the establishment of a ranking of efficiency between the productive processes analyzed and the determination of feasible goals to make efficient the processes identified as inefficient
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Multiple criteria data envelopment analysis, MCDEA, Green manufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Value-added activities, Manufacturing processes, Processo decisório por critério múltiplo, Produção enxuta, Processos de fabricação