A Itália de Machado de Assis: um olhar de cronista
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Data
2018-12-07
Autores
Satin, Ionara [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A crônica é tempo e memória, funciona como registro de um tempo, é o eco da vida humana: nela pulsam os acontecimentos de uma época. Lendo as crônicas de Machado de Assis, entramos em contato com muitas culturas e literaturas, dentre elas a italiana. O curioso é que o escritor nunca saiu do Brasil; portanto, o conhecimento que tem da Itália foi adquirido de longe, do seu Rio de Janeiro que nunca abandonará, por meio da leitura de revistas, livros, jornais, correspondências e da vinda de italianos para a cidade carioca. Dessa maneira, a Itália machadiana não seria somente fruto de escolhas pessoais, mas também fruto do contato direto com certos mediadores que, de acordo com o conceito de transferências culturais, podem ser tanto um livro, um jornal ou um viajante, um escritor. Nesse sentido, este trabalho pretendeu analisar como a cultura italiana atravessou o Atlântico e circulou nas crônicas machadianas durante toda a contribuição de Machado de Assis como cronista para os jornais, começando em 1859 na Revista O Espelho até sua última contribuição em 1897 para a coluna “A Semana” do jornal Gazeta de Notícias. Buscou-se revelar a Itália do cronista, a partir dos conceitos de transferências culturais e intertextualidade, a fim de verificar de que modo a cultura italiana chegou ao Brasil oitocentista e como ela se manifestou na crônica de Machado, tomando por base as alusões e citações que aí se encontram.
Chronic is time and memory, it functions as a record of time, it is the echo of human life, it pulsates the events of an era. By reading the chronicles of Machado de Assis, we come into contact with many cultures and literatures, among them the Italian one. It is curious that the writer never left Brazil, so his knowledge of Italy was acquired from afar, from his Rio de Janeiro, which he will never abandon, by reading magazines, books, newspapers, correspondence, and by the coming of Italians to the city of Rio. In this way, Machado's Italy would not only be the fruit of personal choices, but also the fruit of direct contact with certain mediators, who according to the concept of cultural transfers can be either a book, a newspaper or a traveler, a writer. In this sense, this work aimed to analyze how the Italian culture crossed the Atlantic and circulated in the Machadian chronicles during the whole contribution of Machado de Assis’s chronicles to newspapers, starting in 1859 in the Magazine The Mirror until his last contribution in 1897 for the column "The Week" of the newspaper Gazeta de Notícias. We intended to reveal the chronicler's Italy, based on the concepts of cultural transference and intertextuality, in order to verify how the Italian culture reached the nineteenth-century Brazil and how it was manifested in Machado's chronicles, based on their allusions and quotations.
Chronic is time and memory, it functions as a record of time, it is the echo of human life, it pulsates the events of an era. By reading the chronicles of Machado de Assis, we come into contact with many cultures and literatures, among them the Italian one. It is curious that the writer never left Brazil, so his knowledge of Italy was acquired from afar, from his Rio de Janeiro, which he will never abandon, by reading magazines, books, newspapers, correspondence, and by the coming of Italians to the city of Rio. In this way, Machado's Italy would not only be the fruit of personal choices, but also the fruit of direct contact with certain mediators, who according to the concept of cultural transfers can be either a book, a newspaper or a traveler, a writer. In this sense, this work aimed to analyze how the Italian culture crossed the Atlantic and circulated in the Machadian chronicles during the whole contribution of Machado de Assis’s chronicles to newspapers, starting in 1859 in the Magazine The Mirror until his last contribution in 1897 for the column "The Week" of the newspaper Gazeta de Notícias. We intended to reveal the chronicler's Italy, based on the concepts of cultural transference and intertextuality, in order to verify how the Italian culture reached the nineteenth-century Brazil and how it was manifested in Machado's chronicles, based on their allusions and quotations.
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Palavras-chave
Crônicas, Intertextualidade, Machado de Assis, Cultura italiana, Literatura comparada, Chronicles, Italian culture, Intertextuality, Cultural transferences