Otimização energética de torre de resfriamento: estudo de caso
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Data
2019-01-29
Autores
Lima, Fernando da Costa
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A pesquisa desenvolvida visa a otimização do consumo de energia elétrica de torres de resfriamento a parir do controle de acionamento dos respectivos ventiladores e bombas de circulação, além da melhoria na instrução de trabalho dos operadores, os quais frequentemente são responsáveis pela gestão da temperatura e geralmente utilizam meios manuais para manter o processo estável. O método empregado consiste em avaliar três cenários com uma equipe multidisciplinar e, respeitando a limitação técnica e o ponto de vista de cada uma das áreas, desenvolver, validar e implementar soluções de eficiência energética e térmica de rápida configuração e com retornos mensuráveis. As alterações nas construções mecânicas dos equipamentos não são consideradas e as soluções propostas têm a automação e alteração nas instruções de operação como fontes de melhoria. O requisito básico para a implementação do método é a existência de um sistema de automação, nos casos avaliados, um Sistema Digital de Controle Distribuído (SDCD), os quais contemplam os sinais de instrumentos de medição instalados em campo e realizam o acionamento dos ventiladores e bombas nos modos manual e automático. Os resultados obtidos são controles eficientes para utilização dos ventiladores e bombas de circulação, levando em conta a possibilidade de economia de energia elétrica, diminuição das chances de um eventual desgaste mecânico natural e estabelecimento mais preciso das temperaturas de processo. Os resultados alcançados em eficiência energética são promissores, sem que haja prejuízo a equipe de operações, com economias de até 50% no tempo de utilização de ventiladores e, em casos extremos, eliminação de equipamentos. As propostas têm baixo custo de desenvolvimento e retornos significativos, onde o retorno do investimento é inferior a um mês.
The developed research aims electrical energy’s consumption optimization on cooling towers through fans and circulation pumps actuating controls, besides improvements on operators instructions forms that are the responsibles for temperature management and frequently use manual mode to keep the process estability. The used method consists in a multidisciplinar team assessment in three scenarios and, based on each area technical’s limitation, develop, validate and implement themal and energy eficient solutions with fast implementation and measurable results. It was not evaluated equipment’s mechanical improvement and the expected proposal were based on automation and operators instructions. The basic requirements for the method was the existance of a DCS (Distributed Control System) that was already in place in the evaluated scenarios. The DCS already manages the measurements from the installed instruments and acts fans and circulating pumps in manual and automatic mode. As results, it was developed eficient controls on fans and circulating pumps, electrical energy savings, reducing chances of natural mechanical detrition and optimize the process’ temperatures. The results evaluated on energy efficiency were promising without operation losses, saving up to 50% on fans usage and in extreme cases, avoiding the usage of circulating pumps. The implemented proposals had a low cost investment and relevant results where payback was less than one month.
The developed research aims electrical energy’s consumption optimization on cooling towers through fans and circulation pumps actuating controls, besides improvements on operators instructions forms that are the responsibles for temperature management and frequently use manual mode to keep the process estability. The used method consists in a multidisciplinar team assessment in three scenarios and, based on each area technical’s limitation, develop, validate and implement themal and energy eficient solutions with fast implementation and measurable results. It was not evaluated equipment’s mechanical improvement and the expected proposal were based on automation and operators instructions. The basic requirements for the method was the existance of a DCS (Distributed Control System) that was already in place in the evaluated scenarios. The DCS already manages the measurements from the installed instruments and acts fans and circulating pumps in manual and automatic mode. As results, it was developed eficient controls on fans and circulating pumps, electrical energy savings, reducing chances of natural mechanical detrition and optimize the process’ temperatures. The results evaluated on energy efficiency were promising without operation losses, saving up to 50% on fans usage and in extreme cases, avoiding the usage of circulating pumps. The implemented proposals had a low cost investment and relevant results where payback was less than one month.
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Eficiência térmica, Automação, Economia, Energia, Torres de resfriamento, Energia - Consumo, Energia - Conservação, Thermal efficiency, Automation, Saving, Energy, Cooling tower