Estrutura e composição da ictiofauna no terço final da bacia do Rio Santa Bárbara, Sub-bacia do Rio Sapucaí-Mirim, São Paulo, Brasil
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Data
2019-02-22
Autores
Diniz, Paulo Baltazar
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Rio Santa Bárbara, pequeno afluente do Rio Sapucaí-Mirim, drena uma área de 1.013 km². Está inserido na bacia do alto rio Paraná, região considerada uma província ictiofaunística natural. Este trabalho estabeleceu como objetivo principal registrar a ictiofauna desse rio, de algumas de suas lagoas marginais e de seu afluente Rio Potreiro, bem como caracterizar o grau de antropização de sua bacia. Quatro campanhas foram realizadas, duas na estação seca e duas na estação chuvosa. Um total de 922 exemplares foram coletados, considerando os doze pontos de amostragens selecionados (seis pontos em lagoas e seis pontos em rios), distribuídos em 33 espécies representativas de 16 famílias e 6 ordens. A ordem Characiformes revelou-se a mais representativa (63%), seguida das ordens Perciformes (13%) e Siluriformes (12%). Com relação às famílias, Characidae (41%) foi a mais abundante, seguida pelas famílias Cichlidae (13%) e Poeciliidae (11%). Um espécime de Brycon nattereri foi coletado no Rio Santa Bárbara, espécie criticamente ameaçada no estado de São Paulo; duas espécies não nativas foram encontradas (Metynnis maculatus e Oreochromis niloticus), representado 0,7% do total de espécimes coletados e três espécies tiveram o seu primeiro registro para a bacia do Rio Sapucaí Mirim: Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus, Moenkhausia intermedia e Brycon nattereri. Foram identificadas 65 lagoas marginais ao longo da bacia do Rio Santa Bárbara (45 permanentes, 19 temporárias e 3 meandros abandonados), mapeados os padrões espaciais das lagoas selecionadas, bem como feita a caracterização ambiental da paisagem da bacia. Por fim, foi recomendada a criação de uma Unidade de Conservação com o objetivo de possibilitar melhores condições de proteção, conservação e preservação da região.
Santa Bárbara River, a small tributary of the Sapucaí-Mirim River, drains an area of 1,013 km². It is inserted in the upper Paraná river basin, a region considered a natural ichthyofaunistic province. This work aims to record the ichthyofauna of this river, some of its marginal lakes and its affluent Rio Potreiro, as well as to characterize the degree of anthropization of its basin. Four campaigns were carried out, two in the dry season and two in the rainy season. A total of 922 specimens were collected, considering the twelve sampling spots selected (six spots in lakes and six spots in rivers), distributed in 33 representative species of 16 families and 6 orders. The Characiformes order came out to be the most representative (63%), followed by Perciformes (13%) and Siluriformes (12%). Regarding the families, Characidae (41%) was the most abundant, followed by families Cichlidae (13%) and Poeciliidae (11%). A species of Brycon nattereri was collected in Santa Bárbara River, a species critically endangered in the state of São Paulo, two non-native species that were found (Metynnis maculatus and Oreochromis niloticus), represented 0.7% of the total specimens collected and three species had the first record for the Rio Sapucaí Mirim basin: Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus, Moenkhausia intermedia and Brycon nattereri. A total of 65 marginal lakes were identified along Santa Bárbara river’s basin (45 permanent, 19 temporary and 3 abandoned meanders), mapping the spatial patterns of the selected lakes and the environmental characterization of the basin landscape. Finally, it was recommended the creation of a Conservation Unit with the objective of enabling better conditions for the protection, conservation and preservation of the region.
Santa Bárbara River, a small tributary of the Sapucaí-Mirim River, drains an area of 1,013 km². It is inserted in the upper Paraná river basin, a region considered a natural ichthyofaunistic province. This work aims to record the ichthyofauna of this river, some of its marginal lakes and its affluent Rio Potreiro, as well as to characterize the degree of anthropization of its basin. Four campaigns were carried out, two in the dry season and two in the rainy season. A total of 922 specimens were collected, considering the twelve sampling spots selected (six spots in lakes and six spots in rivers), distributed in 33 representative species of 16 families and 6 orders. The Characiformes order came out to be the most representative (63%), followed by Perciformes (13%) and Siluriformes (12%). Regarding the families, Characidae (41%) was the most abundant, followed by families Cichlidae (13%) and Poeciliidae (11%). A species of Brycon nattereri was collected in Santa Bárbara River, a species critically endangered in the state of São Paulo, two non-native species that were found (Metynnis maculatus and Oreochromis niloticus), represented 0.7% of the total specimens collected and three species had the first record for the Rio Sapucaí Mirim basin: Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus, Moenkhausia intermedia and Brycon nattereri. A total of 65 marginal lakes were identified along Santa Bárbara river’s basin (45 permanent, 19 temporary and 3 abandoned meanders), mapping the spatial patterns of the selected lakes and the environmental characterization of the basin landscape. Finally, it was recommended the creation of a Conservation Unit with the objective of enabling better conditions for the protection, conservation and preservation of the region.
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Palavras-chave
Peixes de água doce, Biodiversidade Neotropical, Conservação de peixes, alto Rio Paraná, Freshwater fishes, Neotropical Biodiversity, Fishes conservation, upper Rio Paraná