Aproveitamento do melaço de soja para produção de biometano em reator UASB
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Data
2019-03-08
Autores
Rodrigues, Brenda Clara Gomes
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A produção de biogás a partir da digestão anaeróbia (DA) com resíduos industriais e agroindustriais tem se tornado bastante atrativa devido às suas vantagens econômicas, principalmente energética, pelo reaproveitamento do biogás. Nessa pesquisa foi utilizado o melaço de soja (subproduto da produção de proteína de soja) como substrato em reator anaeróbio de manta de lodo (UASB). Foram investigadas duas etapas subdivididas em fases com distintas condições operacionais ao UASB. A Etapa I foi subdividida em 6 fases, nas quais aumentou-se gradualmente a concentração de substrato (500 a 4.000 mgO2L-1) e reduziu-se o tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) (de 48, 24 e 12 horas). Nessas condições atingiu-se eficiências médias de remoção em termos de DQO entre 70 e 85%, sendo obtidos valores de DQO no efluente de 100 a 1.200 mgO2L-1 e foi obtido produção de biogás superior a 2,0 Ld-1. Posteriormente, a unidade de tratamento foi investigada sob a Etapa II, subdividida em 4 fases, utilizando-se maiores concentrações de substrato (4.000 a 8.000 mgO2L-1) e TDH fixado em 24 horas, essas novas condições operacionais foram adotadas a partir dos resultados da Etapa I. A eficiência média de remoção de DQO manteve-se em torno de 80%, ressaltando-se que o aumento da carga orgânica, além de não ter inibido o processo, resultou em elevada média de produção de biogás (10,0 Ld-1), atingindo máxima produção de 24,5 Ld-1 com concentração de metano superior a 70%. Desta forma, os resultados obtidos indicam que tanto a produção de biogás como o tratamento biológico foram efetivos, demonstrando o excelente potencial do melaço de soja como substrato para a produção de altas concentrações de metano em reator UASB.
Biogas production from anaerobic digestion (AD) of agro-industrial waste has been attracting significant interest due its economic advantages, especially as mean to offer a sustainable bioenergy source. In this work, soybean molasses (agro-industrial byproduct of soybean meal industry) was used as substrate in an anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). The research was divided in two parts and overall ten distinct phases according to operation conditions applied to the UASB reactor. The first part was subdivided into six phases. From phase 1 to 6, the substrate concentration gradually increased from 500 to 4.000 mgO2L-1 and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was reduced (48, 24 and 12 hours). During these phases, under stable operating conditions, the mean values of total COD removal varied between 70 to 85%, COD effluent values obtained varied between 100 to 1.200 mgO2L-1and biogas production achievedwas up to 2Ld-1. On part two, the HRT was fixed on 24 hours and it was subdivided on four phases on which substrate concentration ranged from 4.000 to 8.000 mgO2L-1. The mean values of total COD removal were stabilized at around 80%, even with the increased organic load applied to the reactor as well as did not inhibited the biomass. In fact, the biogas production reached a maximum value of 24,5 Ld-1with methane concentration higher than 70%. The excellent results have demonstrated the potential applicability of this reactor configuration for treating soybean molasses. Moreover, they allowed the feasibility of the use of soybean molasses for biogas production.
Biogas production from anaerobic digestion (AD) of agro-industrial waste has been attracting significant interest due its economic advantages, especially as mean to offer a sustainable bioenergy source. In this work, soybean molasses (agro-industrial byproduct of soybean meal industry) was used as substrate in an anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). The research was divided in two parts and overall ten distinct phases according to operation conditions applied to the UASB reactor. The first part was subdivided into six phases. From phase 1 to 6, the substrate concentration gradually increased from 500 to 4.000 mgO2L-1 and hydraulic retention time (HRT) was reduced (48, 24 and 12 hours). During these phases, under stable operating conditions, the mean values of total COD removal varied between 70 to 85%, COD effluent values obtained varied between 100 to 1.200 mgO2L-1and biogas production achievedwas up to 2Ld-1. On part two, the HRT was fixed on 24 hours and it was subdivided on four phases on which substrate concentration ranged from 4.000 to 8.000 mgO2L-1. The mean values of total COD removal were stabilized at around 80%, even with the increased organic load applied to the reactor as well as did not inhibited the biomass. In fact, the biogas production reached a maximum value of 24,5 Ld-1with methane concentration higher than 70%. The excellent results have demonstrated the potential applicability of this reactor configuration for treating soybean molasses. Moreover, they allowed the feasibility of the use of soybean molasses for biogas production.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biogás, Reatores UASB, Resíduos orgânicos, Metano, Digestão anaeróbia