Biogeography and ecophylogenetics of atlantic forest snakes
Carregando...
Data
2019-03-25
Autores
Portillo, José Thales da Motta
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A Mata Atlântica da América do sul é um mosaico de diferentes fitofisionomias, relacionadas a pressões seletivas correspondentes a fatores ecológicos e evolutivos distintos, os quais regulam a distribuição da biodiversidade entre os habitats. Exploramos, neste trabalho, como a diversidade de serpentes é distribuída ao longo do gradiente latitudinal da Mata Atlântica. Primeiro analisamos a associação entre a riqueza em espécies e a diversidade filogenética de serpentes com tempo para especiação e extensão geográfica ao longo do gradiente latitudinal. Nós também exploramos as amplitudes de nicho climático destas serpentes. E, finalmente, decompusemos a composição filogenética de ilhas costeiras do sudeste da Mata Atlântica no intuito de entender como área e distância com o continente poderia afetar diferentes componentes da diversidade de serpentes. Encontramos que área é o principal fator relacionado com riqueza em espécies, independentemente do tempo para especiação. Observamos a maior riqueza em espécies em linhagens mais recentes nas zonas serranas do sudeste. Amplitudes de nicho climático, associadas à precipitação, mostraram conservação filogenética, afetando a distribuição dos clados mais recentes. Em nosso exemplo de ilhas, mostramos que distintos fatores ecológicos podem afetar riqueza em espécies e diversidade filogenética diferentemente. Desta maneira, fatores idiossincráticos poderiam gerar diferentes respostas em diferentes linhagens ao longo do gradiente latitudinal. Esperamos trazer novas elucidações para fatores ecológicos e históricos relacionados com a distribuição da diversidade de serpentes na região Neotropical. Tal conhecimento é importante para proteger as espécies remanescentes deste tão ameaçado hotspot da biodiversidade, a Mata Atlântica megadiversa da América do Sul.
The Atlantic Forest of South America is a mosaic of different vegetation physiognomies corresponding to distinct evolutionary and ecological factors that drive biodiversity distribution. One of these factors is climatic variation. We explored herein how snake diversity, (measured as species richness and phylogenetic diversity) is distributed along the Atlantic Forest latitudinal gradient, taking area and time-for-speciation into account. We first analyzed the association of species richness and phylogenetic diversity with time-forspeciation and geographical extent along the latitudinal gradient. We also explored climatic niche breadths. And finally, we decomposed the phylogenetic composition across coastal islands in southeastern Atlantic Forest, to understand how island area and distance from the mainland drive different components of snake diversity. We found that area is a major driver of species richness, regardless of time-for-speciation. We observed higher species richness of more recent lineages in southeastern mountain ranges. Climatic niche breadths associated to precipitation showed phylogenetic conservatism, affecting the distribution of more recent clades. In our island case study, we show that distinct ecological factors can drive species richness and phylogenetic diversity differently. In this way, idiosyncratic factors generate different responses in different lineages across environmental gradients. We hope to shed some light on ecological and historical factors related with snake diversity in the Neotropical Region. Such knowledge is important to conserve this threatened biodiversity hotspot, the megadiverse Atlantic Forest of South America.
The Atlantic Forest of South America is a mosaic of different vegetation physiognomies corresponding to distinct evolutionary and ecological factors that drive biodiversity distribution. One of these factors is climatic variation. We explored herein how snake diversity, (measured as species richness and phylogenetic diversity) is distributed along the Atlantic Forest latitudinal gradient, taking area and time-for-speciation into account. We first analyzed the association of species richness and phylogenetic diversity with time-forspeciation and geographical extent along the latitudinal gradient. We also explored climatic niche breadths. And finally, we decomposed the phylogenetic composition across coastal islands in southeastern Atlantic Forest, to understand how island area and distance from the mainland drive different components of snake diversity. We found that area is a major driver of species richness, regardless of time-for-speciation. We observed higher species richness of more recent lineages in southeastern mountain ranges. Climatic niche breadths associated to precipitation showed phylogenetic conservatism, affecting the distribution of more recent clades. In our island case study, we show that distinct ecological factors can drive species richness and phylogenetic diversity differently. In this way, idiosyncratic factors generate different responses in different lineages across environmental gradients. We hope to shed some light on ecological and historical factors related with snake diversity in the Neotropical Region. Such knowledge is important to conserve this threatened biodiversity hotspot, the megadiverse Atlantic Forest of South America.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biodiversidade, Biogeografia, Ecologia filogenética, Mata atlântica, Serpentes, Biodiversity, Biogeography, Ecophylogenetics, Atlantic forest, Snakes