Psicologia e deficiência: a formação universitária no Brasil e na Espanha
Data
2019-05-03
Autores
Ferreira, Mírian Carolina Valente
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Esta pesquisa objetivou investigar quais modelos explicativos de deficiência estão presentes na formação universitária em Psicologia no Brasil e na Espanha e comparar os resultados de cada país. Na Introdução são apresentados dados sobre a deficiência em ambos os países; são, ainda, elencados e apresentados os principais modelos explicativos e concepções acerca da deficiência, dos mais antigos aos mais atuais. A seguir, é traçado um percurso histórico do desenvolvimento da Psicologia tanto no Brasil como na Espanha, bem como um panorama da formação e atuação do psicólogo no que tange às questões da deficiência nesses países. No capítulo dedicado ao Método explica-se o percurso metodológico utilizado para se obter os resultados, o qual consistiu na coleta dos elementos curriculares das disciplinas de cinco universidades brasileiras e cinco espanholas, disponíveis online nos respectivos sites das universidades, para posteriormente realizar análise textual dos mesmos com auxílio do software IRAMUTEQ. Na Apresentação e Discussão dos Resultados, os dados encontrados são apresentados e interpretados à luz dos objetivos da pesquisa, indicando a existência de diferenças entre a formação espanhola e brasileira, sendo que na Espanha o modelo social de deficiência aparece com maior consistência ao longo do material analisado, bem como a relação entre deficiência e sociedade surge como uma preocupação constante. No Brasil, embora o modelo social de deficiência esteja presente na formação, ainda permanece atrelado às explicações baseadas no modelo médico-biológico. Nas Considerações Finais são feitas considerações sobre os alcances e limites da presente pesquisa, sugerindo-se possibilidades de estudos futuros.
This research aimed to investigate which explanatory models of disability are present in the university formation in Psychology in Brazil and Spain and compare the results of each country. In the Introduction disability data are presented in both countries; are also listed and presented the main explanatory models and conceptions about disability, from the oldest to the most current. The following is a historical overview of the development of psychology in both Brazil and Spain, as well as an overview of the psychologist's training and performance in disability issues in these countries. In the chapter dedicated to the Method, the methodological course used to obtain the results is explained, which consisted of the collection of the curricular elements of the disciplines of five Brazilian and five Spanish universities, available online at the respective universities' , to later to carry out a textual analysis of them using the IRAMUTEQ software. In the Presentation and Discussion of Results, the data found are presented and interpreted in the light of the research objectives, indicating the existence of differences between the Spanish and Brazilian training; in Spain the social model of disability appears with greater consistency throughout the material analyzed, as well as the relationship between disability and society arises as a constant concern. In Brazil, although the social model of disability is present in the training, it still remains linked to the explanations based on the medical-biological model. In the Final Considerations, considerations are made about the scope and limits of the present research, suggesting possibilities of future studies.
This research aimed to investigate which explanatory models of disability are present in the university formation in Psychology in Brazil and Spain and compare the results of each country. In the Introduction disability data are presented in both countries; are also listed and presented the main explanatory models and conceptions about disability, from the oldest to the most current. The following is a historical overview of the development of psychology in both Brazil and Spain, as well as an overview of the psychologist's training and performance in disability issues in these countries. In the chapter dedicated to the Method, the methodological course used to obtain the results is explained, which consisted of the collection of the curricular elements of the disciplines of five Brazilian and five Spanish universities, available online at the respective universities' , to later to carry out a textual analysis of them using the IRAMUTEQ software. In the Presentation and Discussion of Results, the data found are presented and interpreted in the light of the research objectives, indicating the existence of differences between the Spanish and Brazilian training; in Spain the social model of disability appears with greater consistency throughout the material analyzed, as well as the relationship between disability and society arises as a constant concern. In Brazil, although the social model of disability is present in the training, it still remains linked to the explanations based on the medical-biological model. In the Final Considerations, considerations are made about the scope and limits of the present research, suggesting possibilities of future studies.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Psicologia, Formação, Modelos explicativos, Deficiência, Psychology, Formation, Explanatory models, Disability