Atitudes sociais de professores da educação infantil sobre a inclusão e suas concepções sobre o brincar de crianças com síndrome de Down
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Data
2019-03-25
Autores
Pereira, Adriana Alonso [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O brincar é considerado uma atividade humana que favorece o desenvolvimento infantil, pois possibilita à criança desenvolver-se em seus aspectos físico, cognitivo e emocional. Discussões a respeito do que os professores pensam sobre o brincar de crianças público alvo da educação especial, em especial crianças com síndrome de Down são importantes para avanços na área da Educação Inclusiva. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi o de investigar as concepções de professores da Educação Infantil sobre o brincar de crianças com Síndrome de Down e suas atitudes sociais em relação à inclusão. Participaram deste estudo, nove professores. Os professores participaram de uma técnica de entrevista denominada recorrente com base num roteiro semiestruturado, que foi construído para essa pesquisa com a intenção de investigar o que professores da Educação Infantil que tivessem alunos com síndrome de Down matriculados em suas turmas pensam sobre o brincar. Também foi aplicada uma Escala Likert de Atitudes Sociais em relação à Inclusão (ELASI). Foram realizadas três entrevistas com as professoras no horário de trabalho, com duração que variou de 10 a 20 minutos. Foram calculados os escores de cada participante na escala e as entrevistas foram transcritas e analisadas com base na Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos não puderam concluir haver relação entre as atitudes sociais em relação à inclusão e as concepções dos professores sobre o brincar. Conclui-se que é necessário a replicação de estudos dessa natureza, pois acredita-se que as concepções podem influenciar as atitudes sociais em relação à inclusão, tratando-se da Educação Infantil a relação dos conhecimentos que o professor apresenta e suas atitudes sociais podem ser aspectos importantes na relação professor-aluno e ensino e aprendizagem, merecendo maior atenção por parte dos pesquisadores.
Play is considered a human activity that favors child development, as it enables the child to develop in their physical, cognitive and emotional aspects. Discussions about what teachers think about playing of children targeted by special education, children with Down’s syndrome are important for advancement in Inclusive Education. The general objective of this study was to investigate the conceptions of Early Childhood’s teachers about the play of children with Down’s Syndrome and their social attitudes towards inclusion. Nine teachers participated in this study. The teachers participated in a recurrent interview technique based on a semi structured script that was built for this research with the intention of investigating what kindergarten teachers who had Down’s Syndrome students enrolled in their classes think about playing. A Likert Social Attitudes Scale in relation to Inclusion (ELASI) was also applied. Three interviews were conducted with the teachers during work hours, with a duration varying from 10 to 20 minutes. The scores of each participant in the scale were calculated and the interviews were transcribed and analyzed based on the content analysis. The results obtained could not conclude that there is a relation between social attitudes towards inclusion and teachers' conceptions about playing. It is concluded that it is necessary to replicate studies of this nature, because it is believed that conceptions can influence social attitudes towards inclusion, in the case of Early Childhood Education, the relation of the knowledge that the teacher presents and his social attitudes can be important aspects in the teacher-student relationship and teaching and learning, deserving more attention on the part of the researchers.
Play is considered a human activity that favors child development, as it enables the child to develop in their physical, cognitive and emotional aspects. Discussions about what teachers think about playing of children targeted by special education, children with Down’s syndrome are important for advancement in Inclusive Education. The general objective of this study was to investigate the conceptions of Early Childhood’s teachers about the play of children with Down’s Syndrome and their social attitudes towards inclusion. Nine teachers participated in this study. The teachers participated in a recurrent interview technique based on a semi structured script that was built for this research with the intention of investigating what kindergarten teachers who had Down’s Syndrome students enrolled in their classes think about playing. A Likert Social Attitudes Scale in relation to Inclusion (ELASI) was also applied. Three interviews were conducted with the teachers during work hours, with a duration varying from 10 to 20 minutes. The scores of each participant in the scale were calculated and the interviews were transcribed and analyzed based on the content analysis. The results obtained could not conclude that there is a relation between social attitudes towards inclusion and teachers' conceptions about playing. It is concluded that it is necessary to replicate studies of this nature, because it is believed that conceptions can influence social attitudes towards inclusion, in the case of Early Childhood Education, the relation of the knowledge that the teacher presents and his social attitudes can be important aspects in the teacher-student relationship and teaching and learning, deserving more attention on the part of the researchers.
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Palavras-chave
Educação especial, Brincar, Síndrome de Down, Atitudes sociais, Special education, Play, Down's syndrome, Social attitudes