Environmental temperatures shape thermal physiology as well as diversification and genome-wide substitution rates in lizards
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2019-09-09
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Garcia-Porta, Joan
Irisarri, Iker
Kirchner, Martin
Rodríguez, Ariel
Kirchhof, Sebastian
Brown, Jason L.
MacLeod, Amy
Turner, Alexander P.
Ahmadzadeh, Faraham
Albaladejo, Gonzalo
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Climatic conditions changing over time and space shape the evolution of organisms at multiple levels, including temperate lizards in the family Lacertidae. Here we reconstruct a dated phylogenetic tree of 262 lacertid species based on a supermatrix relying on novel phylogenomic datasets and fossil calibrations. Diversification of lacertids was accompanied by an increasing disparity among occupied bioclimatic niches, especially in the last 10 Ma, during a period of progressive global cooling. Temperate species also underwent a genome-wide slowdown in molecular substitution rates compared to tropical and desert-adapted lacertids. Evaporative water loss and preferred temperature are correlated with bioclimatic parameters, indicating physiological adaptations to climate. Tropical, but also some populations of cool-adapted species experience maximum temperatures close to their preferred temperatures. We hypothesize these species-specific physiological preferences may constitute a handicap to prevail under rapid global warming, and contribute to explaining local lizard extinctions in cool and humid climates.
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Nature communications, v. 10, n. 1, p. 4077-, 2019.