Fatores de risco para a ocorrência de Giardia duodenalis em crianças e animais de estimação
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Data
2020-01-22
Autores
Coelho, Natalia Marinho Dourado
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Giardíase é uma zoonose de prevalência global entre humanos, cães e gatos, representando um grande risco para Saúde Pública. Neste estudo o objetivo principal foi investigar os fatores de risco associados à ocorrência de Giardia spp. em crianças e seus respectivos cães e gatos de estimação. Amostras fecais de 280 crianças, 221 cães e 59 gatos foram processadas pela técnica de Hoffmann e pelo ensaio de imunoabsorção enzimática (ELISA). A prevalência de Giardia spp. detectada pela técnica de Hoffman nas crianças foi de 30% (84/280) e nos animais de 16.07% (45/280) sendo 15.84% (35/221) em cães e 16.95% (10/59) nos gatos. Já pelo método de ELISA a positividade detectada foi de 38.21% (107/280) nas crianças, 31.43% nos animais (88/280) de maneira que 34.39% (76/221) dos cães e 20.34% (12/59) dos felinos foram reagentes. O fato das crianças apresentarem fezes diarreicas, não possuírem rede de esgoto em suas residências bem como o hábito dos animais dormirem na cama com as crianças foram alguns dos fatores de risco associados a esta infecção. No tocante aos cães e gatos, o sexo, idade e o fato destes terem acesso à rua foram associados com a ocorrência de Giardia spp. Pela primeira vez na literatura foi constatado que o hábito dos cães ou gatos subirem ou dormirem na cama com as crianças, é um fator de risco para ocorrência de Giardia spp. assim como, a ausência de rede de esgoto na residência, presença de diarreia nas crianças e o acesso dos animais a rua.
Giardiasis is a zoonosis of global prevalence among humans, dogs and cats, representing a great risk for Public Health. In this study, the main objective was to investigate the risk factors associated with the occurrence of Giardia spp. in children and their respective pet dogs and cats. Fecal samples from 280 children, 221 dogs and 59 cats were processed by the Hoffmann technique and by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The prevalence of Giardia spp. detected by the Hoffman technique in children was 30% (84/280) and in animals 16.07% (45/280) with 15.84% (35/221) in dogs and 16.95% (10/59) in cats. By the ELISA method, the positivity detected was 38.21% (107/280) in children, 31.43% in animals (88/280) so that 34.39% (76/221) of dogs and 20.34% (12/59) of cats were reactive. The fact that the children had diarrheal feces, did not have a sewage network in their homes, as well as the habit of the animals sleeping in bed with the children were some of the risk factors associated with this infection. Regarding dogs and cats, sex, age and the fact that they have access to the street were associated with the occurrence of Giardia spp. For the first time in the literature, it was found that the habit of dogs or cats climbing or sleeping in bed with children is a risk factor for the occurrence of Giardia spp. as well as the absence of a sewage network in the residence, the presence of diarrhea in children and the access of animals to the street.
Giardiasis is a zoonosis of global prevalence among humans, dogs and cats, representing a great risk for Public Health. In this study, the main objective was to investigate the risk factors associated with the occurrence of Giardia spp. in children and their respective pet dogs and cats. Fecal samples from 280 children, 221 dogs and 59 cats were processed by the Hoffmann technique and by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The prevalence of Giardia spp. detected by the Hoffman technique in children was 30% (84/280) and in animals 16.07% (45/280) with 15.84% (35/221) in dogs and 16.95% (10/59) in cats. By the ELISA method, the positivity detected was 38.21% (107/280) in children, 31.43% in animals (88/280) so that 34.39% (76/221) of dogs and 20.34% (12/59) of cats were reactive. The fact that the children had diarrheal feces, did not have a sewage network in their homes, as well as the habit of the animals sleeping in bed with the children were some of the risk factors associated with this infection. Regarding dogs and cats, sex, age and the fact that they have access to the street were associated with the occurrence of Giardia spp. For the first time in the literature, it was found that the habit of dogs or cats climbing or sleeping in bed with children is a risk factor for the occurrence of Giardia spp. as well as the absence of a sewage network in the residence, the presence of diarrhea in children and the access of animals to the street.
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Parasitologia, Protozoário, Saúde Publica, Parasitology, Protozoan, Public health, Zoonoses